石家庄市夏季道路降尘PM_(2.5)水溶性离子分析  

Emission Characteristics of Water-soluble Ion in PM_(2.5) from Road Dust during Summer in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：秦伟 周盼[1] 安塞 郭硕[1] 肖捷颖[1] 刘娟 姬亚芹[3] QIN Wei;ZHOU Pan;AN Sai;GUO Shuo;XIAO Jieying;LIU Juan;JI Yaqin(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China;Hebei Xingxiang Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd, Xingtai 054000, China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北兴襄环保科技有限公司,河北邢台054000 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第5期146-150,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家环保部环保公益性科研专项(201409004);国家自然基金(41471027);河北省自然基金(D2015208162);河北科技大学15PT基金项目(2015PT68)

摘　　要：为明确石家庄市夏季铺装道路降尘中水溶性离子的污染特征,收集快速路、主干道、次干道和支路的降尘样品,运用Arcgis、Origin、Spss等软件对数据进行处理,分析10种水溶性离子在不同道路类型、不同高度的污染特征,运用离子平衡性方程及NO^(3-)、SO_4^(2-)与PM_(2.5)相关性分析研究水溶性离子的酸碱性及其对道路扬尘污染的影响。结果表明:所有水溶性离子中Ca^(2+)浓度为最大,F-浓度最小,浓度值分别是131.91 mg/g和0.48 mg/g;道路降尘中水溶性离子的空间污染分布情况受高度影响;离子含量均值在主干道最低,浓度值9.88 mg/g,快速路和次干道含量较大,依次为23.34 mg/g和24.67 mg/g,可能与车流量、路面积尘负荷、车辆排放及土壤背景值相关;1.5 m与2.5 m高处阴阳离子平衡方程斜率依次为0.145、0.208,均<1,阳离子过剩,颗粒物呈碱性;与SO_4^(2-)相比,NO^(3-)对PM_(2.5)影响更大。In order to make clear the characteristics of water-soluble ions in falling dust off the paved roads during summer in the city of Shijiazhuang, dust samples were collected from expressways, trunk roads, secondary trunk roads and byways. Data were processed by using software including Arcgis,Origin, Spss,etc. The pollution characteristics of 10 water-soluble ions from different road types and at different heights were analyzed; acid-base property of ions and its impacts on road dust pollution were investigated by using acid-base balance equation and the correlation analysis between NO3-,SO42-and PM2.5. The analytical investigation showed that the concentration of Ca2＋（131.91 mg/g） was the highest and that of F-（0.48 mg/g） was the lowest; the spatial distribution of water soluble ions in road dust was affected by height. On the other hand, the content of ions in average was the lowest in the main road with the concentration of 9.88 mg/g, but higher in the expressways and the secondary trunk roads, the concentrations were 23.34 mg/g and 24.67 mg/g respectively, that was most probably related to the road traffic flow, road dust loading,vehicle emissions and the background value of soil. In addition, the slope of acid base balance equation in 1.5 m and 2.5 m height were 0.145, 0.208, respectively, both were less than 1, indicating PM2.5 was alkaline due to the excessive cations; and so far as traffic emission, PM2.5 was more affected by NO3-compared with SO42-.

关 键 词：道路降尘 水溶性离子 特征分析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]