中国金矿成矿地质特征、预测模型及资源潜力  

Metallogenic geological features,prediction models and resources potential of gold deposits in China

作　　者：牛翠祎[1] 刘烊[1] 张岱[1,2] NIU Cuiyi;LIU Yang;ZHANG Dai(Gold Geological Institute of CAPF, Langfang 065000, China;China University of Geosciences （ Beijing ） , Beijing 100083, China)

机构地区：[1]武警黄金地质研究所,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《地学前缘》2018年第3期1-12,共12页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质大调查项目(1212010633905;1212010733806;1212011121040;1212011121128);国土资源部公益性行业科研基金项目(201411048)

摘　　要：为了摸清全国金矿资源潜力,科学合理地部署金矿地质勘查工作,在全国金矿资源潜力评价成果的基础上,总结了金矿成矿规律、时空分布及资源潜力特征,跟踪金矿勘查进展,提出金矿勘查部署建议。中国金矿床虽以小型居多,但大中型金矿床的资源储量约占80%。金矿床在中生代呈大规模成矿特征,其矿床数和资源储量均居主要地位,其次为新生代、晚古生代、中新元古代、早古生代。金矿床在空间上呈区域集中分布特征,根据成矿地质背景、成矿条件和金矿床空间分布,结合地球物理、地球化学特征、预测资源量,修订了金矿成矿区带划分方案,确定了57个Ⅲ级金矿成矿区带,其中胶东、小秦岭—伏牛山、滇黔桂、西秦岭、燕辽、松潘—摩天岭、东秦岭、长江中下游、丽江—哀牢山和吉南—辽东成矿区带,其查明资源储量和预测资源量在全国均居前列。以服务于矿产资源潜力评价为目的,提出了金矿预测类型划分方案,将金矿床类型归纳为12类,分别为与中深成侵入岩有关的热液型、微细浸染型、构造破碎蚀变岩型、陆相火山岩型、变质碎屑岩地层中热液型、斑岩型、夕卡岩型、砂金型、花岗绿岩型、海相火山岩型、风化壳型、砾岩型,其中以前5种矿产预测类型为主。在总结金矿床地质背景、地质特征和找矿标志的基础上,建立主要类型金矿预测评价模型。全国金矿资源潜力评价预测金资源量31 125.6t,预测深度大多小于1 000m,50%的预测资源量分布于已知矿床外围及深部。根据资源潜力评价成果,结合近年来金矿勘查取得新的找矿进展,找矿主攻矿床类型为中深成侵入岩有关的热液型、微细浸染型、构造破碎蚀变岩型、陆相火山岩型;中国东部胶东、小秦岭—伏牛山、西秦岭、滇黔桂为金矿重点勘查区带,已知矿床深部和外围仍是金矿重点找矿地段;西部地区�In order to evaluate gold resources potential and provide guidance for gold exploration,we analyzed spatial-temporal distribution and resources potential of gold deposits in China based on the survey data from the national resources potential assessment project.We summarized the metallogenic laws for gold deposits,followed gold exploration progress and proposed a deployment plan for gold prospecting.Gold deposits in China are mainly small-sized,but the proved reserves from mid to large-sized gold deposits accounted for up to 80% of the national total.Gold deposits were primarily formed in the Mezoic,dominating in both deposit number and scale,followed by the Cezoic,late Paleozoic,mid-late Proterozoic and early Paleozoic.Gold deposits aggregate spatially.According to their metallogenic geological setting,ore-forming conditions and distribution pattern,and combining with their geophysical,geochemical characteristics and predicted resource capacity,the metallogenic zoning plan for gold deposits was revised and 57 metallogenic belts or areas were determined.The major gold metallogenic belts included the Jiaodong,Xiaoqinling-Funiushan and West Qinling metallogenic belts,the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi metallogenic area,and the Songpan-Motianling,YanLiao,East Qinling,lower-middle reaches of Yangtz River,Lijiang-Ailaoshan and Jinan-Liaodong metallogenic belts.We put forth a classification scheme to assess gold resources potential.Gold deposits were divided into 12 categories：hydrothermal type related to mid-intrudes, micro-fine disseminated, tectonically fracture altered rock, continental volcanic,hydrothermal type in epimetamorphic clasolite,porphyric,placer,skarn,granitic-green stone,marine volcanic,weathering-crust and conglomerate gold deposits.The first five were the principal types.Furthermore,we summarized the geological features of gold deposits and established prediction models for the major types.The gold resources potential was estimated to be 31126 tons.The predictive resources distributed less than 1000 meter

关 键 词：金矿预测类型 成矿地质特征 金矿预测评价模型 金矿资源潜力 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]