一种偕胺肟基纤维材料对模拟盐湖水中铀的吸附研究  

Uranium extraction from simulated salt lake water by an amidoximebased UHMWPE fiber

作　　者：刘西艳[1] 许璐 张晓敏 马良波 邢哲[1] 徐晓 李荣[1] 张岚[1] 李晴暖[1] 马红娟[1] 吴国忠[1] Xiyan Liu;Lu Xu;Xiaomin Zhang;Liangbo Ma;Zhe Xing;Xiao Xu;Rong Li;Lan Zhang;Qingnuan Li;Hongjuan Ma;Guozhong Wu(Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China;Longkou Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Longkou 265701, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [2]龙口出入境检验检疫局,龙口265701

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2018年第5期518-526,共9页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:U1732151;11675247;11605275;11305241);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(编号:XDA02030200)资助项目

摘　　要：本文采用预辐射接枝法在7 L固液接枝反应釜中批量制备了偕胺肟(AO)基的超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE-g-(PAO-co-PAA))纤维吸附材料,用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜表征了材料的功能基团和表观形貌,研究了该材料在模拟盐湖水中对铀酰离子的吸附行为,并考察了溶液矿化度(TDS)、铀酰离子初始浓度等因素对材料吸附行为的影响.在TDS、溶液pH 8.1和铀酰初始浓度与西藏达则错盐湖相当的模拟盐湖体系中,AO含量为6.0 mmol g^(-1)的材料在28 d后对铀的吸附量高达8.29 mg g^(-1).铀酰离子的吸附量随TDS增加而有所降低,在TDS相当于海水10倍的pH 8.1模拟盐湖水中,铀的吸附量仍然达到6.63 mg g^(-1).材料对铀酰离子的吸附量随其初始浓度的增加而增大,在pH 8.1的模拟盐湖水中当铀浓度由187增加到1639μg L^(-1),其吸附量由4.54增加到17.48 mg g^(-1).结果表明,UHMWPE-g-(PAO-co-PAA)纤维材料在盐湖体系铀的提取中具有很好的应用前景.A batch of amidoxime（AO）-based ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene（UHMWPE-g-（PAO-co-PAA））fiber was prepared by a 7 L graft polymerization reaction kettle. The chemical structure and morphology were evaluated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The uranium adsorption behaviors of the UHMWPE-g-（PAO-co-PAA） fiber were studied by batch adsorption in simulated salt lake water. Effect of the total dissolved solids（TDS） and initial concentration of uranium on the adsorption behaviors of the fiber was investigated. It was found that after 28 d adsorption in the simulated Dagze Co salt lake water, UHMWPE-g-（PAO-co-PAA） fiber with an AO density of 6.0 mmol g^-1 exhibited a uranium adsorption capacity of 8.29 mg g^-1. The adsorption capacity decreased with the increment of TDS. In the simulated salt lake water in which TDS was 10 times as the sea water, the adsorption capacity of uranium was 6.63 mg g^-1. The adsorption capacity increased with the increment of initial concentration of uranium in solution. The uranium adsorption capacity was 4.54 mg g^-1 in a solution with initial concentration of 187 μg L^-1 uranium, while the value increased to 17.48 mg g^-1 with 1639 μg L^-1 uranium simulated salt lake water solution. This study should shed light on improvement of uranium extraction from salt lake water and further application in uranium recovery from natural resources.

关 键 词：盐湖 铀 吸附 偕胺肟 纤维 

分 类 号：O647.3[理学—物理化学]