生态补偿对不同收入农户扶贫效果研究  

Can Eco-Compensation Contribute to Poverty Alleviation?——A Heterogeneity Analysis at Farmer Level

作　　者：吴乐[1] 孔德帅[1] 靳乐山[1] WU Le;KONG Deshuai;JIN Leshan

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2018年第5期134-144,共11页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家发改委西部司重点调研课题项目“贫困地区生态综合补偿政策思路研究”(编号:XBS16-A1)

摘　　要：生态补偿脱贫作为中央提出脱贫＂五个一批＂工程中的一项重要内容,意味着在扶贫攻坚的大背景下,生态补偿被赋予了新使命。探索贫困地区现有生态补偿政策的扶贫效果,对于进一步完善中国生态补偿的机制构建具有重要意义。本文基于贵州省3个贫困县的实地调研数据,运用均值回归和分位数回归方法对调研区域内生态补偿的现金直接补偿和公益岗位间接补偿方式的扶贫效果进行了实证分析。研究结果表明：在现金直接补偿项目中,退耕还林项目对中高收入群体有显著的正向影响,生态公益林项目对不同收入群体没有显著的影响,而公益岗位型间接补偿项目对低收入农户家庭收入有较大影响,退耕还林补偿和公益岗位型补偿具有一定的互补性。这意味着只有基于农户的异质性特点对生态补偿机制进行精心设计,发挥不同生态补偿项目的协同作用,才能更好地实现生态保护和缓解贫困两个目标。As an important part of the ＂group of five＂project proposed by the central government,eco-compensation is expected to provide a new solution to poverty alleviation. Based on the data collected from three ＂poverty counties＂in Guizhou province,this paper empirically analyze the poverty reduction effect of cash direct compensation and the public post indirect compensation.The results show： in cash direct compensation projects,the project of returning farmland to forest has a significantly positive impact on high-to-medium income groups,but the project of ecological public welfare forests has no significant income impact; public post indirect compensation projects have a great impact on the income of low-income rural households; compensation for returning farmland to forests is complementary to compensation for public posts to some degree.It means that dual goals of ecological protection and poverty alleviation can be better achieved only through carefully designing eco-compensation mechanism based on the heterogeneous characteristics of rural households.

关 键 词：生态补偿 扶贫 贵州 农户收入 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]