六种土壤腹毛类纤毛虫的形态学研究  

Morphological Studies on Six Soil Hypotrichous Ciliates from China

作　　者：宁应之[1] 马继阳 吕昭[2] NING Ying-Zhi;MA Ji-Yang;Lü Zhao(College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070;College of Life Science and Technology of Xi＇an Jiaotong University, Xi＇an 710049, China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,兰州730070 [2]西安交通大学生命科学与技术学院,西安710049

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2018年第3期415-426,共12页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41761056和41361055)

摘　　要：本研究采用非淹没培养皿法、活体观察法和蛋白银染色法,对隶属于3科5属的6种土壤腹毛类纤毛虫进行了活体形态学和纤毛图式的研究,包括背褶拟片尾虫(Urosomoida dorsiincisura Foissner,1982)、边缘片尾虫[Urosoma emarginata(Stokes,1885)Berger,1999]、巴西戴维虫(Deviata brasiliensis Siqueira-Castro,Paiva&Silva-Neto,2009)、刚强殖口虫[Gonostomum strenuum(Engelmann,1862)Sterki,1878]、拟殖口殖口虫[Gonostomum gonostomoidum(Hemberger,1985)Berger,1999]和布氏瓦拉虫[Wallackia bujoreani(Lepsi,1951)Berger&Foissner,1989]。其中,边缘片尾虫和拟殖口殖口虫为国内新记录种;巴西戴维虫为我国土壤新记录种。通过对蛋白银染色显示的纤毛排布结果进行主要分类特征的测量和统计,并计算各个种种群主要分类特征的最小值、最大值、平均值、标准差和变异系数。结果显示,本文所研究6个种的种群与国内外同种种群略有差异,但总体在种内范围内波动。本文丰富了我国纤毛虫的物种多样性,同时丰富了该类群纤毛虫的地理分布研究。Six soil hypotrichous ciliates belonging to five genera and three families were morphologically investigated using non-flooded Petri dish method, live observation and protargol impregnation techniques. These organisms are： Urosomoida dorsiincisura Foissner, 1982, Urosoma emarginata（Stokes, 1885） Berger, 1999, Deviata brasiliensis Siqueira-Castro, Paiva Silva-Neto, 2009, Gonostomum strenuum（Engelmann, 1862） Sterki, 1878, Gonostomum strenuum（Engelmann, 1862） Sterki, 1878, Gonostomum gonostomoidum（Hemberger, 1985） Berger, 1999, Wallackia bujoreani（Lepsi, 1951） Berger Foissner, 1989（Fig. 1, 2）. Among them, Urosoma emarginata and Gonostomum gonostomoidum were first recorded in China. Deviata brasiliensis were first recorded from soil in China. The result showed that these populations differ slightly from historic populations, but they fluctuated within a narrow range. According to the results of cilium arrangement acquired by the adoption of protargol impregnation techniques, main taxonomic characteristics were measured and statistically analyzed, and the minimum values, maximum values, mean values, standard deviations and variation coefficients of main characteristics were calculated in all populations（Table 1﹣3）. The results showed that the populations of every species investigated in this paper were slightly different from the same populations residing domestically and abroad. However, changes in these populations generally fluctuated within intra-species ranges. Therefore, this paper can enrich both species diversity of ciliates in China and researches concerning the geographical distribution of these ciliates populations.

关 键 词：土壤纤毛虫 腹毛类 形态学 新记录种 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]