夏玉米叶、鞘、茎和穗干物质积累的动力学研究  

A Kinetics Study for Dry Matter Accumulation of Leaf, Sheath,Stem and Corncob of Summer Maize

作　　者：许俊香[1] 黄德明[1] 李钰飞[1] 孙钦平[1] 刘本生[1] 李吉进[1] XU Jun-xiang;HUANG De-ming;LI Yu-fei;SUN Qin-ping;LIU Ben-sheng;LI Ji-jin(Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所

出　　处：《玉米科学》2018年第3期75-82,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0800602);北京市科技计划项目(D161100005516003);北京市农林科学院青年科学基金(QNJJ201612);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20161502-2);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20151205)

摘　　要：通过田间小区试验,对比研究施用氮肥和钾肥对夏玉米叶、鞘、茎和穗的积累速度、分期时长和积累量的影响。结果表明,夏玉米干物质累积进程采用logistic方程分段函数法模拟效果良好,相关系数R值达0.93以上。夏玉米所有器官中,果穗干物质积累量最高,占总生物量的66.1%~74.2%。N处理果穗干物质积累主要发生在积累中期,此时期积累的干物重占果穗干重的59.7%;K处理果穗干物质积累在3个时期分布均匀,前、中、后期干物质积累量分别占果穗干重的31.0%、30.3%和38.7%。N肥明显增强了营养器官（包括叶片、叶鞘、茎）的干物质积累速度,增大了积累量,但是到生育后期积累速度和积累量均下降。K肥的生物效应表现为维持植株营养器官在生育后期的积累活性,积累速度和积累量几乎不降低。A field experiment was carried out to compare the effect of N and K fertilizer application on dynamicchange of dry matter accumulation for leaf, sheath, stem and corncob of summer maize. The treatments included： un-fertilized control（CK）, N fertilizer（N） and K fertilizer（K）. The results showed that the simulated values by the way ofthe logistic equation and piecewise function were agreed well with the field data and the correlation coefficient valuereached above 0.93. Corncob dry matter accumulation was the highest in all maize organs, which accounted for66.1%-74.2% of the total biomass. Corncob growth was divided into 3 periods, including early period for slow accu-mulation, mid-period for rapid accumulation and later period for slow accumulation. Corncob dry matter accumula-tion of N treatment mainly occurred in the mid-period, which accounted for 59.7% of corncob dry weight. While forK treatment, the corncob dry matter accumulation of the early period, mid-period and later period accounted for31.0%, 30.3% and 38.7% of corncob biomass respectively. N fertilization strengthened the speed and accumulationof leaf, sheath, stem, but the speed and accumulation decreased in the declining period. Different with N fertilizer, Kfertilization could keep the accumulating activity of the nutritive organ in the latter period.

关 键 词：夏玉米 植株器官 干物质积累 动力学 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]