人类胚胎基因编辑技术的潜在风险述介  

A Review of the Potential Risks of Genome Editing in Human Embryos

作　　者：陶应时 王国豫[2] 毛新志[3] TAO Ying - shi;WANG Guo - yu;MAO Xin - zhi(School of Marxism, University of South China, Hengyang 421001;School of Philosophy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433;School of Politics and Administration, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063,China)

机构地区：[1]南华大学马克思主义学院,衡阳421001 [2]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433 [3]武汉理工大学政治与行政学院,武汉430063

出　　处：《自然辩证法研究》2018年第6期69-74,共6页Studies in Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家重点研究计划项目"精准医疗伦理;政策法规框架研究"(2017YFC0910100);湖南省社科基金重点项目"五大发展理念的践行机制研究"(2016ZDBM01);南华大学"双一流"建设专项经费资助项目(2017SYL13)

摘　　要：作为一种直接干预人类遗传基因的强大工具,人类胚胎基因编辑技术在给人类带来巨大福祉的同时,也蕴含了极其巨大的潜在风险与文明忧患。由于人类胚胎基因编辑技术的潜在风险极具复杂性与特殊性,不但将引发健康风险、进化风险、遗传风险等生物性风险,且还将引发一系列的社会伦理风险。如果运用不当,极易造成失控的严重后果,甚至将人类陷入难以拯救的危险境地。基于此,我们应从技术伦理的向度出发,以增进人类的幸福和自由为目的,尊重人的"自然"本性,增强技术主体的责任伦理意识并设置技术禁区,才能真正有效地消解人类胚胎基因编辑技术所引发的风险。As a powerful tool to directly intervene the human genes,Genome Editing in Human Embryos（ GEHE） may bring a great deal of human well-beings,but it also hides extremely potential risks and sufferings of civilization. Due to the complexity and specificity of the potential risks of GEHE,it will not only lead to such biological risks as healthy risks,evolutionary risks,genetic risks,etc.,but also a series of social ethical risks. If GEHE cannot be used appropriately,it is easy to bring uncontrollable results and even push humans to dangerous situations without opportunity to save. In view of these,we should start from the perspectives of the technical ethics to enhance the happiness and freedom of human beings,to respect humans＇ natural quality,to improve the technical subjects＇ ethic awareness of responsibility,and to set up the technical penalty areas. Only by doing so can the risks brought by GEHE be effectively eluded.

关 键 词：人类胚胎基因编辑技术 生物性风险 社会伦理风险 技术伦理 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]