回归灾害本位与历史问题：中古灾害史研究的范式转变与路径突破  

Return to the Disaster-oriented and Historical Issues:Paradigm Change and Path Breakthrough in the Study of Disaster History in Medieval China

作　　者：闵祥鹏[1] Min Xiangpeng

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社科基地河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心、黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心,河南开封475001

出　　处：《史学月刊》2018年第6期91-99,共9页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新人才(人文社科类)支持计划(2018-CX-015)

摘　　要：近年来,以文本为研究基础的中古灾害史陷入程式化与碎片化的困境。许多研究忽视了古今灾害之间话语体系、评价标准与历史背景的差异,而套用现代灾害学的理论与方法,导致研究中概念不清、逻辑混乱;或因循前人的固有模式,造成篇章结构相似、观点结论雷同的弊病。要实现灾害史研究的范式转变与路径突破,首先应从重大灾害事件与历史问题切入,缀合灾害发生的区化与时段,透视文本深处的社会问题,构建灾害与社会的多维层域,并引入大数据、新技术、整体史观与全球史视域等新方法,回应灾害与王朝兴衰、文明演进、制度变迁等一系列重大问题,以此彰显研究的历史意义与现实价值。In recent years,the study of disaster history in the Middle Ages based on text research has fallen into the predicament of stylization and fragmentation.Many studies neglect the difference in discourse systems,evaluation standards and historical backgrounds between ancient and modern disasters.Applying theories and methods of modern disaster studies in the ancient context leads to unclearness in concept and confusion in logic,while following the inherent mode of predecessors leads to similarities in views,conclusions and discourse structures.To achieve paradigm shift and path breakthrough in the study of disaster history,we should first cut into the major disaster events and historical issues,combine the compartments and time intervals of disasters,perceive the social issues deep inside the text,and build a multi-dimensional domain of disaster and society.Besides,we should introduce new methods such as big data,new technology,holistic view of history and global history horizon,so as to cope with a series of major issues,such as disasters and the rise and fall of dynasties,the evolution of civilization and institutional changes,and whereby highlight the historical significance and practical value of the research.

关 键 词：灾害史 社会史 《中国救荒史》 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]