新科技革命推动的生产方式演进——基于马克思主义政治经济学视角的解读  

The Evolution of Production Mode Promoted by the New Revolution of Technology——Interpretation from the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy

作　　者：张圣兵[1] 刘伟杰 周绍东[1] Zhang Shengbing;Liu Weijie;Zhou Shaodong(School of Economics, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京财经大学经济学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《改革与战略》2018年第6期23-31,共9页Reformation & Strategy

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"中国特色社会主义政治经济学探索"(编号:16ZDA002)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：生产力跃升改变劳动力与生产资料的结合方式,进而改变生产关系。文章运用"生产力—生产方式—生产关系"这一唯物史观范式,考察新科技革命对生产方式(一般)和生产方式(特殊)两个层面的影响,通过对劳动资料历史演进过程的回顾,引入"知识性生产资料"这一概念,分析新科技革命如何改变资本主义生产方式的三大核心特征。结论表明:从生产方式(一般)来看,新科技革命弱化了生产过程中劳动力与传统物质性生产资料之间的密切关系,改变了整个社会的就业结构。从生产方式(特殊)来看,知识本身开始成为生产资料,"知识性生产资料"的出现,推动资本主义生产方式发生巨大转变。劳动者与生产资料的结合不再是一个完全由资本控制的过程,两者自然结合的可能性有所提高,资本监督和控制劳动过程的难度进一步加大,资本对劳动的绝对权威受到挑战,同时,劳动者在价值分配中的地位得到提高。Increasing the level of productivity changes the combination of labor and means of production, which in turn changes the relations of production. This paper uses the paradigm of materialism in the view of ＂productivity-production-production relations＂, studies the impact of the new scientific and technological revolution on the two levels of production （general） and mode of production （special）. By analyzing how the new technological revolution changed the three core features of the capitalist mode of production, this paper introduces the concept of ＂intellectual means of production＂ and reviewing the historical evolution of labor in formation. Conclusion shows： from the perspective of mode of production （general）, the new technological revolution has weakened the close relationship between the labor force and traditional material means of production in the process of production, and it has changed the employment structure of the entire society; from the mode of production （special）, knowledge itself becomes a means of production. The advent of ＂means of production of knowledge＂ has driven a tremendous change in the mode of capitalist production. The combination of laborers and the means of production is no longer a process completely controlled by the capital. The possibility of natural union of the two factors has risen. The difficulty of capital supervision and control of the labor process has been further eroded. The absolute authority of capital on labor has been affected, at the same time, workers in the distribution of value has been improved.

关 键 词：生产方式 新科技革命 智能制造 知识性生产资料 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]