水稻拟禾本科根结线虫发生与防治  

Rearch progress on the occurrence and controlling of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice

作　　者：黄文坤[1] 向超 刘莹[1] 丁中[2] 彭德良[1] HUANG Wen-kun;XIANG Chao;LIU Ying;DING Zhong;PENG De-Liang(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]湖南农业大学植物保护学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2018年第3期289-296,共8页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.31571986);国家973计划(No.2013CB127502)

摘　　要：拟禾本科根结线虫是严重影响水稻产量的植物寄生线虫之一,已成为制约中国及亚洲地区水稻产量的重大问题。拟禾本科根结线虫寄主范围广泛,可危害高地、低洼地和深水水稻;通过巨细胞从水稻根中摄取营养物质,从而在根系上形成许多弯钩状根结;其食道腺分泌物可以直接对水稻产生危害,影响水稻细胞代谢和免疫,从而影响水稻产量。目前水稻抗根结线虫病的品种较少,主要通过化学药剂在苗床进行防治。本文对拟禾本科根结线虫的寄主范围、危害特性、侵染特点、致病机制及防治方法等进行了综述,并对将来通过基因编辑等遗传工程技术提高水稻品种抗性的策略进行了展望,以期为我国水稻拟禾本科根结线虫的防治提供理论依据。Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the most dangerous plant parasitic nematodes in rice and a major problem restricting rice production in China and Asia. M. graminicola has a broad host range and can infect rice plants in highland,lowland and deepwater. This nematode uptakes nutrients from giant cells and form hook-like root galls. The secretions from esophageal directly cause harm to rice and negatively affect metabolism and immunity of host plant cell. To date,chemical nematicides are often used in nursery bed to control this nematode and few rice varieties are found to be resistant to M. graminicola. In the present study,host range,biology,etiology,pathogenic mechanism and control methods of M. graminicola are reviewed. The control strategies using genetic modified technology such as gene edit to effectively control this pest are discussed,which will provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and controlling of rice root-knot nematode in China.

关 键 词：水稻 拟禾本科根结线虫 致病机制 抗病品种 综合治理 

分 类 号：S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]