夜天文中的自适应光学  

Adaptive optics for night astronomy

作　　者：冯麓[1] 张玉佩[2] 宋菲君 薛随建[1] 沈志侠[1] 郭广妍[4] FENG Lu;ZHANGYu-Pei;SONG Fei-Jun;XUE Sui-Jian;SHEN Zhi-Xia;GUO Guang-Yan(National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;Zhejiang Province Institute of Metrology,Hangzhou 310018,China;Daheng Science＆Technology,Beijing 100080,China;Academy of Opto-electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [2]浙江省计量科学研究院,杭州310018 [3]大恒新纪元科技股份有限公司,北京100080 [4]中国科学院光电研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《物理》2018年第6期355-366,共12页Physics

摘　　要：自1989年自适应光学首次在地基天文望远镜上成功实现衍射极限的天文观测以来,自适应光学系统已逐渐发展成为地基大口径天文望远镜必备的仪器之一。由于当今夜天文观测对仪器性能的要求越来越苛刻,为了提高夜天文观测中的适用性,自适应光学系统近20年来也在不断发展,涌现出多种新型自适应光学系统,如激光导星自适应光学系统、多层共轭自适应光学系统、极限自适应光学系统、近地层自适应光学系统等。尽管自适应光学系统的性能不断提高,但仍存在其局限性。文章分析了目前国际上已有自适应光学系统,探讨近年来夜天文当中应用的自适应光学系统及相关进展。Ever since adaptive optics was first utilized in 1989 in ground-based astronomy to achieve diffraction-limited observation, adaptive optics systems have gradually become must-have instruments for large ground-based astronomical telescopes. Due to the increasingly stringent requirements for scientific instruments used for night astronomy observation, and to improve compatibility, over the last 20 years adaptive optics has undergone continuous and rapid development. Many new schemes have emerged, for instance, laser guide star adaptive optics, multi-conjugate adaptive optics, extreme adaptive optics, and ground layer adaptive optics. However, even though their performance is improving, there are still many limitations. In this article we analyze systems that are already in use, and discuss the advancement of several new systems specifically designed for night astronomy applications.

关 键 词：天文学 天文技能和技术 自适应光学 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]