2012 - 2016年内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring data on drinking- water- borne endemic fluorosis from 2012 - 2016 in Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region

作　　者：常子丽 杨晓娟 赵成祥 李振林 陈波 夏雅娟 Chang Zili;Yang Xiaojuan;Zhao Chengxiang;Li Zhenlin;Chen Bo;Xia Yajuan(Department of Endemic Fluorosis, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Regional Comprehensive Center for Disease Control andPrevention, Hohhot 010031, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心氟病科,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2018年第6期485-488,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的 掌握内蒙古自治区饮水型地方性氟中毒病区及病情变化趋势，为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法 2012 - 2016年连续5年，采用单纯随机抽样方法，在内蒙古自治区固定的11个旗（县、市、区）30个病区村（屯，统称为村）调查改水工 程运行情况及水氟含量；检查监测村所有8 - 12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况；每个监测村按照年龄进行分层抽样，对50名25岁及以上成 人进行X线氟骨症检查。结果 ①病区村总改水率为78.67%（118／150），改水工程正常运转率为92.98%（106／114），已改水病区 村水氟超标率为31.36%（37／118）。②改水工程运转正常且水氟含量合格病区村8 - 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为20.88%（533／2 553），氟斑牙指数为0.41；改水工程水氟含量超标或非正常运转病区村8 - 12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为49.53%（318／642），氟斑 牙指数为0.98；未改水村儿童氟斑牙检出率为37.14%（442／1 190），氟斑牙指数为0.76。③改水工程正常运转且水氟含量合格病 区村成人X线氟骨症检出率为18.97％（140／738）；改水工程水氟含量超标或非正常运转病区村成人X线氟骨症检出率为31.53％（ 111／352）；未改水村成人X线氟骨症检出率为31.17％（96／308）。结论 内蒙古自治区仍有部分饮水型氟中毒病区村尚未改水， 部分改水工程水氟超标较为严重，8 - 12岁儿童氟斑牙病情呈极轻度流行，依然有中、重度病区存在，应继续强化降氟改水防控措施。Objective To provide a basis for development of preventive measures through dynamical monitoring of the changing trends of endemic fluorosis areas and the prevalence of drinking-water-borne endemic fluorosis. Methods Using simple random sampling method, thirty monitoring villages in 11 counties of Inner Mongolia were selected as fixed monitoring villages from 2012 to 2016. The operation of water improvement projects was investigated, and water fluoride content was tested. Dental fluorosis of all 8 to 12-year-old students was diagnosed in the villages. Stratified random sampling by age was used to select 50 adults over 25- year-old in each monitoring village, and skeletal fluorosis was examined by X-ray. Results ①In 2012 - 2016, the water-improved rate of monitoring villages was 78.67% （118/150）. Of all the water-improved projects, normal operating projects accounted for 92.98% （106/114）. The exceeded rate of water fluoride in water-improved village was 31.36% （37/118）. ②The detection rate of dental fluorosis and community fluorosis index （CFI） in children aged 8 - 12 of the villages with normal operating projects and qualified fluoride content were 20.88% （533/2 553） and 0.41; the detection rate of dental fluorosis and CFI of the villages with water-improved projects under abnormal operation or excessive fluoride were 49.53% （318/642） and 0.98; the detection rate of dental fluorosis and CFI of the villages without water-improved projects were 37.14% （442/1 190） and 0.76. ③The detection rate of X-ray skeletal fluorosis in adults of the villages with normal operating projects and qualified fluoride content was 18.97% （140/738）; the detection rate of X-ray skeletal fluorosis in adults of the villages with water-improved projects under abnormal operation or excessive fluoride was 31.53% （111/352）; the detection rate of X-ray in adults of the villages without water improvement projects was 31.17% （96/308）. Conclusions Up to now, in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, some vi

关 键 词：氟中毒 牙 氟骨症 监测 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]