南昌市冬季大气PM2.5中重金属元素来源分析及健康风险评价  

Source Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 in Winter in Nanchang City

作　　者：郑权 胡恭任[1] 于瑞莲[1] 赵阳[1,2] 张棕巍 ZHENG Quan;HU Gongren;YU Ruilian;ZHAO Yang;ZHANG Zongwei(College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China;Nanchang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Nanchang 330038, China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学化工学院,福建厦门361021 [2]南昌市环境保护局,南昌330038

出　　处：《地球与环境》2018年第3期306-312,共7页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21477042,21377042);华侨大学研究生科研创新能力培育计划项目

摘　　要：采集2015年南昌市冬季大气PM2.5样品,利用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定样品中重金属（V、Mn、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Ba和Pb）的含量,分析重金属的分布特征和来源,并对重金属健康风险进行评价。结果表明：采样期间PM2.5浓度总平均值为（29.74±16.82）μg/m3,其中省外办最高,武术学校最低;各重金属元素总体平均浓度从高到低次序为：Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Mn〉Ba〉Ni〉V〉Cr〉Cd〉Co。因子分析结果表明：PM2.5中重金属元素的来源包括道路交通尘和冶金化工排放、机动车尾气以及混合源。健康风险评价结果显示：PM2.5中Mn对人体健康存在非致癌风险,其他元素（Cr、Ba、Co、Pb、Cd、Cu、V、Zn、Ni）基本没有非致癌风险;Cr对人体有较明显的致癌风险,Cd、Ni和Co对部分年龄段的人群（尤其是成年人）存在一定的致癌风险。PM2.5 samples were collected in the Nanchang city during the winter 2015,and contents of ten heavy metals（ V,Mn,Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Ba and Pb） in these samples were detected by the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The distribution characteristics and sources of heavy metals in PM2.5 were analyzed and their health risks were evaluated. The results showed that the average concentration of PM2.5 was 29. 74 ± 16. 82 μg/m^3,with the highest concentration occurred at the site of Provincial Foreign Affairs Office and the lowest one found at the site of Wushu School. The average concentrations of heavy metals in PM2.5 showed the order of Zn〉Pb〉Cu〉Mn〉Ba〉Ni〉V〉Cr〉Cd〉Co. The factor analysis results revealed that the investigated heavy metals in PM2.5 mainly originated from road traffic dust and metallurgical chemical emissions,motor vehicle exhaust and multiple sources. The health risk assessment results showed that Cr showed a significant carcinogenic risk to human health,Cd,Ni and Co showed some carcinogenic risk to people of certain age groups,especially adults,Mn might cause non-carcinogenic risk while others（ Cr,Ba,Co,Pb,Cd,Cu,V,Zn and Ni） did not.

关 键 词：南昌市 PM2.5 重金属 来源分析 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]