多元混菌培养对棉花黄萎菌拮抗效果的研究  

Antagonistic Effect of the Mixed Bacteria Culture on Verticillium dahlia

作　　者：李国 赵辉 刘元元 张梦恬 庞学兵 郭建强[1] 李湘钰 祝建波[1] 王爱英[1] LI Guo;ZHAO Hui;LIU Yuanyuan;ZHANG Mengtian;PANG Xuebing;GUO Jianqiang;LI Xiangyu;ZHU Jianbo;WANG Aiying(Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology/College of Life Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China;Agricultural Division seven Mission Forestry Station, Aksu 842000, China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院/农业生物技术重点实验室,石河子832000 [2]新疆农一师七团林业工作站,阿克苏842000

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2018年第3期431-439,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：校企合作(0257-5001601)

摘　　要：特基拉芽胞杆菌C-9和鞘氨醇杆菌A1是分离得到的2株对棉花黄萎菌具有较好生防效果的菌株,平板对峙试验测定菌株C-9与A1的抑菌率分别为77.8%和83.3%,根据脂肽类抗生素相关合成基因序列进行PCR扩增,2株生防菌都能检测到surfactin、fengycin和mycosubtilins相关基因片段。通过单因素试验对液体混菌培养体系进行初步筛选,得到对棉花黄萎菌具有较好防效的最佳混菌比例A1:C-9=1:9,在此比例下的混菌培养物对棉花黄萎菌的抑制能力较单菌株A1和C-9提高了131%和36.7%。镜检发现混菌培养物抑制可致黄萎菌菌丝发生膨大畸形。盆栽试验表明,混菌培养物对棉花黄萎病的防治效果可达66.7%,混菌培养物处理的棉花在挑战接种棉花黄萎菌后,棉花体内防御酶系CAT酶活快速响应,在达到峰值时比同时期的CK组增加了135.3%。POD和SOD的基础酶活较CK分别提高22.5%和39.8%,且MDA含量始终低于CK。综合分析表明,混菌发酵可提高菌株对黄萎菌的抑制效果,可通过直接抑制黄萎菌生长和诱导植物产生防御反应来提高对棉花黄萎菌的抗性。Bacillus tequilensis C-9 and Sphingobacterium A1 isolated in this research had good biocontrol effect on Verticillium dahliae of cotton. The antimicrobial rates of the isolates C-9 and A1 were 77.8% and 83.3%, respectively. Related gene fragments Surfactin, Fengycin and Mycosubtilins were detected in both strains by PCR amplification. Single factor experiment showed that the best ratio of mixed bacteria A1and C-9 was 1：9. At this ratio, the biocontrol ability of V. dahliae was 131% and 36.7%, respectively, higher than that of single strain. Microscopic observation demonstrated that the mixed culture can cause V. dahlia mycelium swelling and deformed. Pot experiments showed that the control effect of the mixed culture was up to 66.7%. The cotton plants treated with the mixed culture showed a rapid response in CAT activity, and the peak value increased by 135.3% compared with CK in the same period. The activities of POD and SOD were increased by 22.5% and 39.8%, respectively, while the content of MDA was always lower than CK. Comprehensive analysis showed that the fermentation of mixed bacteria could improve the inhibition effect on V. dahliae and enhance the resistance by directly inhibiting the pathogen growth and inducing plant defense reaction.

关 键 词：混菌培养 棉花黄萎菌 诱导抗性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]