2013～2015年中国重症手足口病的流行病学特征和病原构成  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Pathogen Composition of Severe Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease in China between 2013 and 2015

作　　者：刘向东 顾新蕊 冀天娇[1] 郭悦 黄克强[1] 刘俐[1] 杨倩[1] 祝双利[1] 许文波[1] LIU Xiangdong;GU Xinrui;JI Tianjiao;GUO Yue;HUANG Keqiang;LIU Li;YANG Qian;ZHU Shuangli;XU Wenbo(Department of Poliomyelitis, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所脊髓灰质炎室

出　　处：《病毒学报》2018年第4期477-482,共6页Chinese Journal of Virology

摘　　要：为阐明中国重症手足口病流行特征及病原构成情况,我们收集2013～2015年中国大陆地区上报的44 754例重症手足口病病例,按地理分布对不同地区重症手足口病的流行特征及病原构成进行分析。2013～2015各年重症发病数及占全部重症病例数的比例分别为10 276（22.96%）,24 654（55.09%）和9 824（21.95%）。91.35%的重症手足口病患者为0～3岁。发病人群中,男/女性别比为1.72：1,散居儿童占87.02%。七大区病原构成以肠道病毒71型（Enterovirus 71,EV71）为主,但其他EV在2015年东北、华南、华北、西北4个区病原谱的构成比均较2013年升高,华北的增幅最大（30.92%增至59.74%）。不同行政区确诊病例占同期重症病例数的构成比的差异具有统计学意义（χ^2=1 784.04,P〈0.001）。结果表明,在东北、华南、华北、西北4个区中,其他EV在重症手足口病的病原谱中的构成比不断增加,应重点关注其感染流行,并制定针对性的防控措施。To explore the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen composition of severe hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD）,a total of 44,754 severe HFMD cases reported in China's Mainland during 2013-2015 were collected.This is the first attempt to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen composition of severe HFMD in China by geographical distribution.The case number for severe HFMD and the constitution ratio were 10,276（22.96%）,24,654（55.09%）,and 9,824（21.95%）for 2013,2014 and 2015 respectively.Patients aged ≤3 years accounted for 91.35% of those with severe HFMD.The male-to-female sex ratio for severe HFMD was 1.72∶1,and most patients were scattered children（87.02%）.EV71 was the predominant pathogen of severe HFMD in all seven regions.However,the constitution ratios of other EV in Northeast,South China,North China,and Northwest in 2015 were significantly increased compared to 2013,with North China showing the highest increase（30.92% vs.59.74%）.The constitution ratios of laboratory-confirmed cases for different regions were significantly different（χ2=1,784.04,P〈0.001）.These results suggested that other EV is becoming the predominant pathogen of severe HFMD in Northeast,South China,North China,and Northwest,thus we should pay more attention to the epidemic of other EV and develop the targeted measures for prevention and control of severe HFMD in these regions.

关 键 词：手足口病(HFMD) 肠道病毒71型(EV71) 柯萨奇病毒16型(CV-A16) 流行病学特征 病原构成 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]