海水富营养化评价方法的研究进展与应用现状  

Researching Progress and Application Status of Eutrophication Evaluation Method of Seawater

作　　者：林晓娟 高姗[1,3] 仉天宇 刘桂梅[1,3] Lin Xiaojuan;Gao Shan;Zhang Tianyu;Liu Guimei(National Marine Environmental Foreasting Center, Beijing 100081, China;Department of Physical Oceanography, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting, National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,Beijing 100081 ,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境预报中心,北京100081 [2]厦门大学海洋与地球学院物理海洋学系,福建厦门361005 [3]国家海洋局海洋灾害预报技术研究重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2018年第4期373-384,共12页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划海洋环境安全保障专项"中国近海与太平洋高分辨率生态环境数值预报系统"(编号:2016YFC1401605);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目"南海低营养级生态模型营养盐循环过程的数值模拟研究"(编号:41206023)资助~~

摘　　要：简要概述了海水富营养化的概念及对生态系统的影响。介绍了几类常用的海水富营养化评价方法,包括单因子法、富营养化指数法、水质指数法和营养状态质量法等国内常用的评价方法,以及近年来国际上发展起来的以富营养化症状为考虑因素的第二代海水富营养评价方法,包括综合评价法、河口富营养化评价法和波罗的海行动计划等,第二代方法的评价标准更为细化,对富营养化带来的环境效应也提供一定的判断标准。阐述了现阶段我国海水富营养化评价方法的应用现状,尤其是在近海河口区域针对富营养化程度进行的区域等级划分,旨在提出各种海水富营养化评价方法应用现状和特点,为不同海域在选用富营养化评价方法提供参考。最后,对海水富营养化评价的应用方向提出未来展望,给出水质监测管理以及海洋生态环境灾害预测防御的指导性建议。The concept of eutrophication of seawater and its impact on the ecosystem were briefly summarized.The commonly used evaluation methods in China for eutrophication of seawater were introduced,including single factor,eutrophication index,water quality index and nutritional status,etc. In recent years,the second generation of seawater eutrophication evaluation methods,including OSPAR（ Oslo-Paris Convention） Assessment Tool and NEEA-ASSESSMENT（ United States National Estuarine Eutrophication Assessment） and HELCOM（ Helsinki Commission） Eutrophication Assessment Tool,has developed in the world,and the second generation method has had more refined evaluation standards,which provide some criterion to judge the eutrophication effects to the environment. The present situation of the application of seawater eutrophication evaluation method in our country at present stage was described,especially in the coastal and estuary areas,eutrophication degree of regional dividing was carried out,which aimed to put forward the application status and characteristics of various water eutrophication evaluation methods to provide references for the selection of eutrophication evaluation methods in different areas. Finally,the future prospects of the application of eutrophication assessment were put forward,and the guidance of the monitoring and management of water quality monitoring and the forecasting and defensing of marine eco-environmental disasters were presented.

关 键 词：海洋 富营养化 评价方法 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]