黄山市2011—2016年结核病流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Huangshan, 2011-2016

作　　者：张向阳[1] 刘心勇 陈迪 ZHANG Xiangyang;LIU Xinyong;CHEN Di(Huangshan City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huangshan, Anhui 245000, Chin)

机构地区：[1]黄山市疾病预防控制中心,安徽黄山245000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2018年第6期588-591,共4页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析黄山市结核病流行特征,为今后制定结核病防控策略提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对结核病信息管理系统中导出的2011—2016年黄山市结核病病例资料进行分析。结果黄山市2011—2016年共报告肺结核患者4 366例,平均报告发病率为49.27/10万;2011—2016年各年分别报告发病率为46.85/10万、49.70/10万、50.98/10万、50.10/10万、49.09/10万和48.89/10万,各年度活动性结核病报告发病率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),结核病发病较平稳。各月均有结核病发病,3月份发病最高,占9.48%,11月份发病最低,占7.15%,7—11月发病有一个缓慢下降趋势,12—3月有一个缓慢上升趋势。屯溪区发病率最低(40.49/10万),祁门县最高(55.48/10万),各区县结核病发病率有显著差异;病例男女性别比为2.57∶1;发病年龄以大于45岁为主,占67.51%(2 947/4 366);患者职业分布以农民为主,占75.33%(3 289/4 366);涂阳肺结核患者构成比为46.68%,屯溪区涂阳构成比最高(56.99%),黄山区最低(36.01%),区县间涂阳肺结核患者构成比差异显著。结论黄山市2011—2016年结核病以散发为主,发病率呈稳中有降趋势,农民和大于45岁以上中老年为今后防控工作重点,同时,还要进一步加强重点区县结核病实验室痰检质控工作,提高痰检质量。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） in Huangshan City so as to provide the evidence for formulating control and prevention strategy. Methods The pulmonary TB data were obtained from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method in Huangshan City from 2011 to 2016. Results From 2011 to 2016, there were 4 366 cases of pulmonary TB in Huangshan City, and the average reported incidence was 49.27/105 and the annual reported incidence rates were 46.85/105, 49.70/105, 50.98/105, 50.10/105, 49.09/105, and 48.89/105 respectively. The incidence of active TB of each year was not statistically different （P〉0.05）. TB morbidity existed every month of the year, with the highest incidence in March （9.48%） and the lowest incidence in November （7.15%）. There was a slow decline trend of incidence from July to November and a slow upward trend from December to March. The lowest incidence （40.49/105） existed in Tunxi District and the highest （55.48/105） in Qimen County, and there was a significant difference among districts （counties） in TB incidence. The sex ratio of male to female of the TB patients was 2.57∶1. The age of TB onset was mainly over 45 years, accounting for 67.51% （2 947/4 366）. The occupation of TB patients was mainly farmers, accounting for 75.33% （3 289/4 366）. The proportion of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB patients was 46.68% of all the TB patients in the city. The highest smear positive ratio （56.99%） existed in Tunxi District and the lowest （36.01%） in Huangshan District. There was a significant difference among districts （counties） in the constituent ratio of smear positive TB patients. Conclusions Pulmonary TB sporadically distributes in Huangshan City from 2011 to 2016, and the incidence is stable and declining. Farmers and the older over 45 years are the focus of the future prevention and control work. At the same time, we should f

关 键 词：肺结核 流行特征 防控 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]