出土竹简饱水期间放线菌群落结构与功能  

Analysis of actinobacterial community structure and function of waterlogged bamboo slips

作　　者：张潇月 杨弢 吴昊 黄鑫 李静 周潇 肖嶙 赵珂 ZHANG Xiao-Yue;YANG Tao;WU Hao;HUANG Xin;LI Jing;ZHOU Xiao;XIAO Lin;ZHAO Ke(Department of Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China;Chengdu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China;Key Scientific Research Base of Excavated Wood and Lacquerware Conservation, State Administration for Cultural Heritage （Chengdu Workstation）, Chengdu, Siehuan 610072, China） （4. Cultural Relic Protection Center of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源学院应用微生物学系,四川成都611130 [2]成都文物考古研究院,四川成都610072 [3]出土木漆器保护国家文物局重点科研基地成都工作站,四川成都610072 [4]荆州文物保护中心,湖北荆州434020

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2018年第6期1200-1209,共10页Microbiology China

基　　金：成都市科技惠民技术研収项目(2015-HM01-00609-SF);四川省大学生创新性实验计划项目(201610626074)~~

摘　　要：【背景】出土竹简需经历一个较长时间的饱水保存后才进行脱水处理,在此期间微生物的滋生和蔓延威胁竹简的安全保存。【目的】研究分析成都老官山汉墓出土竹简浸泡液中的放线菌群落结构与功能,为科学有效保存竹简提供理论依据。【方法】采用PCR-DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)技术与传统可培养方法相结合的方式对成都老官山汉墓出土竹简夏季浸泡液中的放线菌群落结构和功能进行了初探。【结果】DGGE图谱显示,各样品间放线菌多样性指数(H′)、优势度指数(C)、辛普森指数(D)和均匀度指数(J)均有所不同,主成分分析结果反映出竹简浸泡液中放线菌种群结构存在较大差异;DGGE条带回收测序显示15条序列归于10个属,其中检出率较高的有原小单孢菌属(Promicromonospora)、纤维微菌属(Cellulosimicrobium)、芽球菌属(Blastococcus)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces),而原小单胞属(Promicromonospora)在各个样品中均有检出;可培养方法获得12株放线菌,分属于链霉菌属(Streptomyces)和原小单胞属(Promicromonospora);通过刚果红实验对分离获得的菌株进行初步筛选,得到5株具有纤维素降解能力的菌株。【结论】竹简浸泡液中的放线菌不仅种群丰富,而且存在降解竹简的潜在可能。[Background] The bamboo slips should be kept in water for a long time before dehydration treatment, while the microbe might decompose it during this period. [Objective] In order to preserve bamboo slips effectively, the actinobacterial community structure features and function of soak solution which were collected from Han dynasty tomb located in Laoguanshan of Chengdu were studied. [Methods] The PCR-DGGE（Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis） and culture-dependent methods were employed to reveal the diversity and function of actin obacteria in soak solution. [Results] The PCR-DGGE and culture-dependent results were showing a certain degree of consistency. The PCR-DGGE result revealed that Richness（S）, Shannon-Wiener index（H′） and Simpson index（D） of actinobacteria of soaking bamboo slips were different. 15 DGGE bands were excised and sequenced, the major community of actinobacteria in soak solution were belonged to 10 genera. The genera Promicromonospora, Cellulosimicrobium, Blastococcus and Streptomyces widely distributed in soak solution, furthermore genus Promicromonospora was detected in each samples. 12 strains were isolated by culture-dependent method and belonged to Streptomyces and Promicromonospora. Congo red medium was employed to evaluate their carboxymethyl cellulase activity. The results showed five strains possessed cellulolytic ability. [Conclusion] The analysis of the actinobacterial community and function revealed the potential actinobacteria species may decompose bamboo slips during waterlogged period.

关 键 词：竹简浸泡液 变性梯度凝胶电泳 可培养方法 放线菌群落结构 纤维素降解 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] Q938[历史地理—历史学]