上海地区对流层低层臭氧及硫酸盐气溶胶时空分布特征研究  

The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of lower tropospheric ozone and sulfate aerosols in Shanghai

作　　者：刘湾湾 刘琼[1] 陈勇航[1] 姚一丰 李莉[2,3] 王红丽 徐健[1] 王海林 LIU Wanwan;LIU Qiong;CHEN Yonghang;YAO Yifeng;LI Li;WANG Hongli;XU Jian;WANG Hailin(School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Scienes, Shanghai 200233;The Key Laboratory for the Cause of Atmospheric Compound Pollution and its Prevention and Control in the State Environmental Protection City, Shanghai 200233)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [3]国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室,上海200233

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2018年第6期2214-2222,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.91644211);东华大学青年教师科研启动基金;上海市环境保护局重大科研项目﹝沪环科(2016-12)﹞;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No.EG2018025)~~

摘　　要：基于Aura/OMI卫星资料,分析了上海地区2007—2016年近十年对流层低层O_3浓度(0~3 km)、SO_2柱浓度和硫酸盐气溶胶光学厚度(0~2 km)时空演变特征.结果表明,近十年来上海地区臭氧浓度总体呈现上升的趋势,最低值在2008年,为31.57μg·m^(-3),最高值在2016年,浓度为40.72μg·m^(-3);O_3季节变化明显,夏季高、春秋次之、冬季低.十年来,硫酸盐气溶胶污染先减少后增加,2007年硫酸盐气溶胶(AOD=0.81)污染最为严重,占近十年硫酸盐气溶胶发生频率的16.41%,2010年污染最轻(AOD=0.68),比2007年下降了16.12%,且硫酸盐气溶胶污染频率为7.68%,但在2013年以后,硫酸盐气溶胶污染又出现增长趋势;污染季节特征与O_3相同,这主要是因为夏季阳光充足有利于大气光化学反应的进行,从而使O_3和硫酸盐气溶胶等光化学产物的浓度升高.SO_2浓度在2007—2014年总体呈现下降的变化趋势,且下降趋势明显,最低值(2014年)比最高值(2007年)降低了52.76%,但在2014年后SO_2浓度略有反弹;SO_2污染主要集中在冬季.Using the data obtained from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument（ OMI） onboard the Aura satellite,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the lower troposphere ozone（ 0 3 km）,sulfur dioxide（ 0 2 km） and sulfate aerosols（ 0 2 km） over Shanghai were analyzed. A time series analysis of satellite ozone observations over 10 years（ 2007—2016） showed an upward trend with the minimum annual average in 2008（ 31. 57μg·m（-3）） and the maximum in 2016（ 40.72 μg·m（-3）） in Shanghai; the concentration of ozone was highest in summer,lower in spring and autumn,and lowest in winter. The highest annual average optical depth of aerosols in 2007（ AOD = 0.81） resulted in that the sulfate aerosol pollution was the most serious,accounting for nearly 16.41% of the total frequency; the sulfate aerosol pollution in 2010 was the least（ AOD = 0.68） and the frequency of thepollution only accounted for 7.68%; but the sulfate aerosol pollution increased since 2013; the characteristics of seasonal changes of sulfate aerosols were the same as ozone,because the sunshine in summer is favorable to the photochemical reactions in the atmosphere,making the concentrations of photochemical products such as ozone and sulfate aerosols increase. In contradiction to ozone,the concentrations of sulfur dioxide were on a larger decline for the periods from 2007 to 2014,but there was a slight rebound since 2014; the highest annual average concentration of sulfur dioxide was in 2007,which was 52.76% higher than the lowest annual average concentration in 2014; the sulfur dioxide pollution mainly occurred in winter.

关 键 词：O3 硫酸盐气溶胶 SO2 空间变化 时间变化 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]