MOFs作为模板制备锂离子电池负极材料的研究进展  

Progress of MOFs as templates for preparation of lithium-ion batteries anode materials

作　　者：林佳 林晓明[1] 石光[1] 蔡跃鹏[1] Jia Lin;Xiaoming Lin;Guang Shi;Yuepeng Cai(School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学与环境学院,广州510006

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第16期1538-1549,共12页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21671071);广东省科技计划(2017A010104015)资助

摘　　要：金属-有机框架(MOFs)材料具有易制备、易修饰、高孔隙率、大比表面积、多化学活性位点、可调孔径大小等优点,已被广泛应用于能源储存与转化相关领域.本文介绍了MOFs直接作为锂离子电池负极材料的研究现状,同时重点综述了MOFs衍生材料(多孔碳、过渡金属氧化物、金属氧化物/碳质复合材料、金属/金属氧化物)的制备方法及其在锂离子电池负极中的应用,提出了此类材料作为锂离子电池负极材料需要重视的问题和面临的挑战.通过高温煅烧或者可控的化学反应等方法,MOFs材料可以简单方便地转化为传统的无机功能材料(金属化合物或碳).这些材料具有结构可调和化学成分多样化等优点,可以进一步提升电化学性能.最后,展望例如MOFs衍生材料在电化学储能和转换的发展方向和应用前景,为定向合成此类材料在电化学方面的应用提供有意义的实验基础和理论价值.Lithium-ion batteries（LIBs） with high energy density have been widely used in portable electronics and electric vehicles. Unfortunately, commercialized graphite encounters with limited theoretical capacity due to the generation of the intercalation compound Li C6. Simultaneously, metal oxides suffer from serious capacity loss due to the slow diffusion of lithium ions and high polarization during the lithium storage process. Consequently, numerous efforts have been focused on developing alternative anode materials with higher capacities and rate capabilities to meet the ever-growing demands of energy storages. Interestingly, metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）, as a very promising kind of multifunctional materials, have been widely fabricated for environmental and energy-related applications due to their simply preparation, high porosity, large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, abundant diversity in structure and composition. Recent reports highlight that MOFs materials are prospective self-sacrificing templates for the fabrication of multifunctional materials. This paper summarizes the advances in the application of MOFs and MOFs-derived porous materials in LIBs. Firstly, a brief summary of pristine MOFs for particular application in LIBs is provided. In this regard, the lithium storage mechanism is mainly divided into two aspects： insertion/desertion mechanism and conversion mechanism. In order to improve the electrochemical performance, it is particularly important to select appropriate organic ligands with relatively low molecular weight and reactive functional groups（amino, carboxyl, benzene rings, etc.）, as well as variable valence metal centers to construct rigid and porous MOFs and provide more lithium storage active site. Afterward, a comprehensive overview of the synthetic methods of MOF-derived materials（porous carbon, transition metal oxides, metal oxides/carbon composites, metal/metal oxides） and their applications in the anode of LIBs are described in details, including the im

关 键 词：金属-有机框架 锂离子电池 负极 储锂 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]