某铁路局1413名机车司机自尊感与职业应激关系分析  

Self-esteem and Occupational Stress Relationship Analysis of 1413 Train Drivers in a Railway Bureau

作　　者：谷桂珍 余善法 周文慧 吴辉 康立[2] 陈容[2] Gu Guizhen;Yu Shanfa;Zhou Wenhui;Wu hui;Kang Li;Chen Rong(Henan Provincial Institute for Occupational Health, Zhengzhou 450052, Chin)

机构地区：[1]河南省职业病防治研究院,郑州450052 [2]郑州铁路局疾病控制所,郑州450052

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2018年第4期260-263,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划重大项目（201001009）;河南省卫生科技领军人才基金资助项目（3022）

摘　　要：目的 探讨机车司机的自尊感及其影响因素.方法 采取整群抽样的方法,于2012年3月,对某铁路局机务段1 413名男性机车司机（客车司机301名、货车司机683名、运调车司机350名动车或高铁司机79名）进行了横断面调查.调查内容包括用职业紧张测量工具、工作内容问卷和付出-回报失衡问卷测试机车司机的职业应激因素、应激反应、自尊感等个体特征.结果 不同类型的机车司机、婚姻状况、年龄、工龄组间自尊感评分的差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;自尊感评分与上作满意感、回报、工作稳定性、提升机会、正性情感、对人的责任和对事的责任的评分呈正相关（P＜0.01）,与睡眠障碍、社会支持、角色冲突、角色模糊、生理需求、每日紧张感、负性情感和抑郁症状的评分呈负相关（P＜0.01）.非参数检验显示,低评分自尊感组的生理需求、角色冲突、角色模糊、睡眠障碍、抑郁症状、负性情感、社会支持和每日紧张感评分高于高评分、中等评分自尊感两组（P＜0.01,P＜0.0S）;而回报、工作满意感、正性情感、应对策略、工作稳定性、提升机会评分低于高评分、中等评分自尊感两组（P＜0.01）;多因素Logistic回归分析显示,低自尊感发生工作不满意的风险约是高自尊感发生工作不满意风险的1.5倍（OR=1.476）.结论 驾驶不同类型的机车司机自尊感有差异,职业应激对自尊感有较大影响.Objective To investigate self-esteem status of train drivers.Methods By using cluster sampling method,a cross-sectional study was conducted in 1 413 train drivers （including passenger train drivers 301,freight train drivers683,passenger shunting train drivers350,and high speed train drivers79） from a railway bureau.The occupational stressors,strains,self-esteem and personalities were measured using occupational stress instruments and effort-reward imbalance questionnaire.Results The level of self-esteem is medium ofthe train drivers.Sself-esteem scores among different among different job category （job title）,marry status,age,length of service groups were statistical significance （P〈0.01）.Differences of self-esteem among different educational level,exercise,smoking and drinking groups weren＇t statistical significance （P〉0.05）.Correlation analysis revealed that self-esteem score was related positively to job satisfaction （r=0.300）,reward （r=0.842）,working stability （r=0.243）,promotion opportunities （r=0.493）,positive affectivity （r=0.216）,responsibility for human beings （r=0.112） and responsibility for things scores （r=0.108） （P〈0.01）,negatively to sleep quality （r=-0.103）,social support （r=-0.212）,role conflict （r=-0.007）,role ambiguity （r=-0.169）,physiological needs（r=-0.115）,daily stress（r=-0.150）,negative affectivity（r=-0.252）,depressive symptoms scores （r=-0.215） （P〈0.01）.Nonparametric test found that train drivers of group with low self-esteem score reported higher scores for physiological need,role conflict,role ambiguity,social sleep quality,depressive symptoms,negative affectivity,social support and daily stress scores than the medium and higher groups （P〈 0.01 or〈0.05）.But reword,job satisfaction,positive affectivity,copping stratgy,working stability and promotion opportunities scores were lower than the group of medium and higher groups （P〈0.01）.Inter-group conflict scores were insignificance （P�

关 键 词：自尊感 职业应激 机车司机 个体特征 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]