2 BF-2型谷子精少量流体播种机的设计与试验  

Design and Test of 2BF-2 Fluid and Small-amount Seeder for Foxtail Millet

作　　者：张燕青[1] 崔清亮[1] 侯华铭 畅治兵 孙静鑫 Zhang Yanqing;Cui Qingliang;Hou Huaming;Chang Zhibing;Sun Jingxin(College of Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学工学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《农机化研究》2018年第11期58-63,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701801);山西省科技攻关项目(20120311035)

摘　　要：山西谷子多种植于丘陵山地,且种植区气候干旱,针对其特殊条件,根据谷子免间苗精少量播种的农艺要求,研制了2 BF-2型谷子精少量流体播种机,设计了输送泵式流体排种装置、链传动系统及滑刀式开沟器等主要工作部件,并阐述了播种机吸种、输种、播种的主要工作过程。以各行排量一致性变异系数、总排量稳定性变异系数、种子破碎率为指标对其进行了排种性能试验;以穴距合格率、穴粒数合格率、空穴率、播深一致性变异系数为指标对其进行了播种性能试验。结果表明:该播种机各行排量一致性变异系数小于5.2%,总排量稳定性变异系数小于2.6%,种子破碎率小于0.5%;穴距合格率大于80%,穴粒数合格率大于74%,空穴率小于5%,播深一致性变异系数小于4%,基本满足谷子精少量播种的要求。谷子精少量流体播种机的设计为山西地区谷子流体播种技术和装备的研发提供了参考。Foxtail millet plants in the hilly area in most cases in Shanxi,and the climate is arid in planting area. According to its special conditions,we developed 2 BF-2 fluid and small-amount seeder for foxtail millet. We design fluid metering device of delivery pump,the chain transmission system,and the sliding knife opener. We describes the main work of seeder,for example sucking seeds,transporting seeds,and sowing seeds. Finally we designed and conducted the experiments of sowing. And we performed the sowing performance tests with 7 indices adopted,including the variation coefficient of line metering consistency,variation coefficient of steadiness of total seeding quantity,percentage of damaged millet,the qualified rate of hole distance,the qualified rate of seed number per hill,the rate of no seed hill,and the variation coefficient of sowing depth consistency. The results show that the variation coefficient of line metering consistency is less than 5. 2 %,and the variation coefficient of steadiness of total seeding quantity is less than 2. 6 %,and the percentage of damaged millet is less than 0. 5 %,and the qualified rate of hole distance is more than 80 %,and the qualified rate of seed number per hill is more than 74 %,and the rate of no seed hill is less than 5 %,and the variation coefficient of sowing depth consistency is less than 4 %. These results fit in with the basic requirements of millet precision sowing. The design of fluid and small-amount seeder for foxtail millet can provide reference for the research and development of millet planting technology and equipment in Shanxi area.

关 键 词：播种机 精少量 工作部件 工作过程 谷子 流体 

分 类 号：S223.23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]