抽取承压水对区域地表沉降影响分析——以西安高新区为例  

Influence of groundwater exploitation on the land subsidence of Xi'an high-tech zone

作　　者：凌晴[1,2] 瞿伟 张勤[1] 孔令杰[2] 李建勋[3] LING Qing;Qu Wei;ZHANG Qin;KONG Ling-jie;LI Jian-xun(School of Geology Engineering and Geomatics, Chang＇ an University, Xi＇ an 710054, China;School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Laazhou 730050, China;5. Beijing Institute of Geological and Prospecting Engineering, Beijing 100048, Chin)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地质工程与测绘学院,西安710054 [2]兰州理工大学土木工程学院,兰州730050 [3]北京市地质工程勘察院,北京100048

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2018年第3期1232-1238,共7页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41674001;41731066);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102268204);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2016JM4005)联合资助

摘　　要：地下水超采引发的地面沉降灾害,目前成为影响我国多个重大城市经济可持续发展、城市规划建设及人们日常生活的主要区域性地质灾害,并已引起国内外众多学者的关注,但目前针对城市地面沉降灾害机理的研究多仅从纯数值模拟的角度进行分析,缺少综合多类实测资料从而构建与客观实际更为切合的地下水流模型,获得对地下水超采引发地面沉降机理的深入认知.基于此,本文选取我国地面沉降严重的西安市作为主要研究对象,并针对西安市高新技术开发区近年来越发严重的地面沉降现象,依据Leak夹层理论与太沙基有效应力原理,结合区域地下水与钻孔等实测资料,根据研究区土层结构及地下水流渗透特性将研究区在垂向上划分为5层结构体,构建了该区域较完备的地下水流模型,反演获取了该区域1992—2007年间地表沉降量及其分布特征,并据此分析了抽取地下承压水对区域地表沉降的影响,有效刻画出了研究域地面沉降发展的三个重要时期-快速发展期(1990—1995年)、持续发展期(1996—2001年)、减速期(2002—2008年).最后通过选取典型特征点并利用实测In SAR与GPS监测结果与模型模拟值进行了对比分析,验证了本文模型反演结果的可靠性.本文研究结果可有效弥补区域内其他监测手段数据空白区问题,对于深入理解及预测由于抽取地下承压水导致区域地表沉降具有一定的参考意义.At present,land subsidence,which is resulted from groundwater overdrawn, has become one of the main regional geological disasters in China. It has great influence on sustainable development of many important cities,urban planning and construction as well as people daily life,which has attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad. However,the researches on the mechanism of urban ground subsidence disaster are mainly analyzed by the methods of pure numerical simulation, while regional groundwater flow model that combines with various measured data is rarely established. The regional groundwater flow model is more suitable for the actual stratigraphy physical properties,from which a deep understanding of the mechanism of subsidence caused by overexploitation of groundwater can be obtained. Based on this,for the increasingly severe land subsidence in Xi ＇an high-tech development zone,the author established an one dimensional groundwater flow model according to the＂interbed ＂ theory and Terzaghi effective stress principle. In this study,a lot of data,such as groundwater level monitoring data and drilling data,were used. According to stratum structure and permeability characteristics of groundwater flow,the study area was divided into 5 layers in vertical direction.Then based on the land subsidence and distribution characteristic of Xi＇an high-tech development zone during 1992-2007 by inversion,the influence of groundwater exploitation on regional land subsidence was also analyzed deeply. Three important periods of ground subsidence in the study area had been effectively simulated,namely,rapid development phase（ 1990-1995）,continuous development phase（ 1996-2001） and deceleration phase（ 2002-2008）. The results showed that during the rapid development phase（ 1990-1995） and continuous development phase（ 1996-2001） of land subsidence,it was mainly caused by overexploitation of groundwater. But the urban intensive construction load may also have a certain effect on it. During the

关 键 词：地面沉降 有效应力 地下水开采 西安市高新区 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]