芦苇秸秆对水体中氟离子的吸附研究  

Preparation of activated carbon fromPhragmites australis Trin. to remove the fluoride in aqueous solutions

作　　者：董刚[1] 赵琦玥 冯佳[1] 程革[2] 张建民[2] 谢树莲[1] DONG Gang;ZHAO Qi-Yue;FENG Jia;CHENG Ge;ZHANG Jian-min;XIE Shu-lian(School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China;Management Committee of Taiyuan Scenic Segment of Fenhe River,Taiyuan 030002,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,山西太原030006 [2]太原市汾河景区管理委员会,山西太原030002

出　　处：《东北师大学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期134-143,共10页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201603D321001;201603D321008)

摘　　要：氟是水体中常见的污染物,而吸附是目前常用的处理方法.为了开发更有效的吸附剂,以芦苇秸秆为吸附材料,研究了其对水体中氟的吸附效果.结果表明:(1)芦苇秸秆吸附剂粒径分布较广,大小不等,多数呈不规则形状,分散性较好,无明显团聚现象,是良好的吸附剂材料.(2)芦苇秸秆吸附剂吸附平衡时间为180min,氟质量浓度为20mg/L时,吸附率最高;溶液中共存的阴离子可影响吸附效果;3%Al2(SO4)3改性后的吸附剂效果最佳.(3)伪一级较伪二级动力学方程更符合芦苇吸附剂对含氟废水中F-的吸附特性,并以物理吸附为主.该吸附是一个吸热过程,升高温度可促进反应,实验结果符合Langmuir吸附热力学模型.(4)去离子水、氢氧化钠和95%乙醇可作为该吸附剂的良好解吸剂.芦苇秸秆对水体中的氟有较好的吸附效果,是一种方便可行的吸附剂.Fluoride components are major industry contaminants of aquatic environment.Among all practical methods for removing fluoride from polluted water,activated carbon absorption is the most effective way.In order to search more effective adsorbents,low-cost activated carbon was produced using Phragmites australis Trin.,a wide spreading species with large biomass.The fluoride adsorption ability of this activated carbon was evaluated at different physico-chemical conditions.The results showed that（1）the adsorbent has the characteristics of variable particle size,irregular shape,good dispersibility and no obvious agglomeration,so it is a good adsorbent material.（2）the adsorptive rate of straw of P.australis to fluoride was steady after 180 min,the adsorptive effect was remarkable when fluoride concentration was below 20 mg/L,the ionic strength had little effect on the fluoride absorption,especially PO3-4,and the adsorbent modified with 3% Al2（SO4）3 was the best one.（3）the dominant adsorption mechanism of the P.australis activated carbon was chemisorptions as its fluoride adsorption kinetics matched with the pseudo-first-order kinetics and the equilibrium data were fit to the Langmuir model.（4）the deionized water,sodium hydroxide and 95% ethanol can be used as the good desorbents for the adsorbent.It is suggested that the straw of P.australis has distinct adsorption to fluoride and is also a convenient and feasible adsorbent.

关 键 词：芦苇 氟 活性炭 吸附动力学 等温线 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程]