‘串枝红’ב骆驼黄’杏F_1代糖酸性状的遗传变异分析  

Analysis of genetic variation of sugar and acid contents in F_1 population of apricot derived from ‘Chuanzhihong'בLuotuohuang'

作　　者：姜凤超 孙浩元 杨丽 张俊环 王玉柱 JIANG Fengchao;SUN Haoyuan;YANG Li;ZHANG Junhuan;WANG Yuzhu(Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomoloy Science, Beijing 100093, China;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops （North China）, Ministry of Agriculture, P. R. China, Beijing 100093, China)

机构地区：[1]北京市林业果树科学研究院,北京100093 [2]农业部华北地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第6期649-657,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家林业局948项目(2013-4-50);国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD16B04);北京市农林科学院青年基金(QNJJ201702);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20151404;KJCX20161504);国家青年自然科学基金(31401836)

摘　　要：【目的】探索杏F_1代群体果实糖酸性状的遗传变异规律,为科学选配亲本提供理论支持。【方法】以杏品种‘串枝红’和‘驼驼黄’为亲本进行杂交,亲本及F_1代群体果实中蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量采用离子色谱测定,苹果酸和柠檬酸含量采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定。【结果】杂交后代果实中可溶性糖以蔗糖为主,含量(ω,后同)范围为43.55~100.85 mg?g^(-1)。糖酸组分(除柠檬酸)、总糖和总酸含量均呈正态分布,说明它们是多基因控制的数量性状,而柠檬酸含量主要集中在低酸区域,表现为偏正态分布,表明其遗传可能存在主效基因。各糖酸组分含量在杂交后代中均出现广泛分离(变异系数均超过20%),后代酸含量的变异系数均高于糖,表明糖比酸的选择潜力更大。杂交后代蔗糖、柠檬酸和总酸含量低于亲中值,表现为衰退变异。杂交后代糖酸性状的广义遗传力(H^2)差异不明显,均在0.70以上,其中蔗糖含量的H^2高于葡萄糖、果糖和总糖,柠檬酸含量的H^2高于苹果酸,表明糖酸性状的变异主要来自遗传效应,不易受环境因素的影响。【结论】在‘串枝红’ב骆驼黄’杏F_1代中,蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、苹果酸含量是由多基因控制的数量性状,而柠檬酸含量可能是主效基因控制的质量性状。在杂交后代中易获得高葡萄糖和果糖含量、低柠檬酸含量的单株。【Objective】The objective of present study is to analyze the genetic variation of sugar and acid contents in apricot F1 population in order to provide a basis for selecting parents in cross breeding of apricot.【Methods】Crossing was carried out between‘Chuanzhihong＇and‘Luotuohuang＇in Beijing.The contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose of the fruits of two parents and their progenies were investigated with ion chromatography, and malic acid and citric acid were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） method. About 1 kg fruits with the same maturity for each hybrid individual were randomly taken from the middle of the peripheral crown in four directions on 9 ：00—11：00, and then put into a 4 ℃ box and brought back to the laboratory. The fruits were kept at 4 ℃ in a fridge and evaluated within 1 day. The samples for each hybrid were divided into 3 portions as three replicates. The middle of pulp was homogenized and divided into 2 parts and stored in the refrigerator at -70 ℃. One part was used to determine the contents of sugars, and the other to determine the contents of acids. Five trees of each parent were selected to determine the content of sugar and acid components, and the sampling method was the same as above. The contents of sugar and acid componentswere used to calculate the variance of the parents. The solutions of the apricot hybrids containing released sugars were detected by Dionex ICS-3000 Ion chromatograph. Sucrose, glucose and fructose were separated on Carbo Pac PA1 4 mm×250 mm（with a Carbo Pac PA1 4 mm×50 mm guard column）at 30 ℃ with injection volume of 10 μL using 200 mmol · L-1 sodium eluting hydroxide as leaching liquid at the rate of 1 mL · min^-1 detected by pulsed amperometric detector（Au electrode）. The organic acids of apricot hybrids were analyzed by Dionex P680 High-performance liquid chromatography. Malate and citrate were detected with a DIONEX PAD-100 detector. The Agilent poroshell 120 SB-C18 column（250 mm × 4.6 mm i

关 键 词：杏 F1群体 糖 酸 遗传变异 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]