榛新品种‘晋榛1号’的选育  

Selection of ‘Jinzhen 1', a new hazelnut cultivar

作　　者：梁锁兴[1] 李一路 侯东梅[1] 张明丽[1] 杜海燕[1] 席海源[1] 孟庆仙[1] LIANG Suoxing;LI Yilu;HOU Dongmei;ZHANG Mingli;DU Haiyan;XI Haiyuan;MENG Qingxian(Pomology Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taigu 030815, Shanxi, China)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030815

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第6期773-776,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：山西省科技攻关项目(2007031070-1;20100311021;20130311022-5;201603D221015-4)

摘　　要：‘晋榛1号’是由‘平欧28号’实生播种选育而成的抗寒性较强的平欧杂种榛新品种。雄花发育良好,果实近圆形,果面光洁,黄白色,果壳较薄,为1.48 mm,果个大,平均单果质量2.6 g,最大单果质量3.4 g,果仁饱满,味香甜;出仁率高达42%,脂肪含量(ω,后同)56.9%,蛋白质含量18.4%,含碳水化合物8.7%,品质上乘。果实生育期95~100 d,在山西太谷地区果实成熟期为8月下旬;花序花朵数4~15朵,每朵花有2枚柱头,萌芽率为44.6%,成枝力为3.6。抗寒性强,比母本树的雄花序多,开花物候期晚有利于避开晚霜危害。果实在5~18℃通风干燥的室内可存放1 a(年)。适宜山西忻州以南地区栽植发展,其他地区推广需进一步开展区试。第3年开始结果,第5年达初盛果期,每666.7 m2产量超过145.7 kg,第7年达盛果期,每666.7 m2产量超过224.7 kg,丰产性强。‘Jinzhen 1＇is an early season hazelnut variety. It was selected from seedlings of‘Pingou No. 28＇. At the very beginning, cold resistance, early bearing and high-yield were taken as breeding objectives. 280 seeds which were introduced from Liaoning Forest Economic Institution were sown in2003 and 171 seedlings were got in the next year. Phenophase, growth and development status were observed for three years. Sprout rate of overwintering branches were surveyed and electrical conductivity were determined in order to learn cold resistance of seedlings. Nut determination was done in 2006, and then 2 fine single monophyly were selected. Regional trial was started from 2007. Through observation and tests for ten years, it was finally selected in 2014. Tree performance of this variety is natural opening; new shoot growing length is 52.3 cm. Young branches have less grey villus and oyster gray color. Biennial branches have dark grey color and dense black villus. Leaf is 10.8 cm long, 0.8 cm wide, and with3-5 saw tooth on leaf margin. There are 16-20 flowers on every inflorescence and 2 stigmas on every flower. Male flower is light-yellow and grow well,it has about 100 small flowers. Number of inflorescence flower is 4-15, which is more than female parent. Stigma will become black or wither after pollination. The germination rate was 44.6% and branching ability is 3.6. The longitudinal diameter is 1.45 cm and transverse diameter is 1.65 cm. The fruit has good quality, nearly round shape, smooth surface,thin shell of 1.48 mm, large size of 2.6 g per fruit and plump kernel. The heaviest weight of single fruit is3.4 g. Fat content is 56.9%, protein content is 18.4%, carbohydrate content is 8.7%, and shelling percentage is 42%. Nut is full with yellowish-white kernel and milky white flesh. Unfilled shell rate is 2%. It tastes sweet. Fruit-set rate of inflorescence are 3 fruit rate of 53.7%, 4 fruit rate of 30.6%, 2 fruits rate of12.9% and 1 fruit rate of 2.8%. The self-fruit rate is very low, so pollination tree is nee

关 键 词：平欧杂种榛 新品种 '晋榛1号’ 抗寒 雄花序 丰产 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]