承运清算模式下铁路货运经营策略探讨  

A Discussion on the Strategies for Managing the Freight Transportation Market where Cargo Liquidation is Prevalent

作　　者：赵铭 付兵 杨磊 ZHAO Ming;FU Bing;YANG Lei(Department of Freight Transportation Marketing, China Railway Wuhan Group Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430071, Hubei, China;Transportation ＆ Economics Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路武汉局集团有限公司货运营销处,湖北武汉430071 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司运输及经济研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道货运》2018年第6期15-19,共5页Railway Freight Transport

基　　金：中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划课题(2017Z002-B)

摘　　要：为研究货运承运清算模式下铁路局集团公司货运市场经营策略,在阐述铁路货运承运清算模式的内涵的基础上,分析铁路局集团公司不同货物品类、不同运距条件下铁路整车和集装箱货物收入情况,同时对承运清算模式下不同运价号和不同运距的货票清算支出、货票盈余进行计算分析。计算结果显示:货票盈余占比均是随着运距的递增而逐步减小的;运价号越高的整车货物货票盈余占比要明显高于低运价号货物;与整车货物相比,集装箱的货票盈余占比相对较高。在上述研究基础上,从市场需求旺盛、市场需求疲软、货源需求不足、货运发送量不均衡等不同市场条件下提出铁路货运经营策略。To study local railway corporations＇ strategies for managing the freight transportation market where cargo liquidation is prevalent, this paper, based on an elaboration of the theory and practice of the liquidation approach, analyzes the returns of transporting different goods among different transport distances by either wagonload freight or container transport. Moreover, it also compares the expense on settling waybills and the waybill surpluses under such conditions as different freight tariff codes and transport distances. The results show that the waybill surplus gradually decreases with the increment of transport distance： the surplus ratio of wagonload freight with a higher tariff code is remarkably higher than those with a low one, while the waybill surplus of container transport stands higher than that of wagonload freight. With these findings, the paper puts forward management strategies for railway freight transport under different market conditions, such as a strong market demand, a weak market demand, an insufficient supply and unbalanced transport capacities.

关 键 词：铁路 货物运输 承运清算 货票盈余 经营策略 

分 类 号：F530.5[经济管理—产业经济]