不同底栖生物指数在福建省近岸海域的适用性  

Suitability of various benthic biotic indices in assessing the coastal ecological quality in Fujian Province,China

作　　者：吴海燕[1] 傅世锋[1] 蔡晓琼[1] 陈庆辉[1] WU Hai-yan;FU Shi-feng;CAt Xiao-qiong;CHEN Qing-hui(Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, Fufian, China）.)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2018年第6期2051-2058,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41506125)资助~~

摘　　要：将3个底栖生物指数AZTI海洋生物指数(AMBI)、多毛类机会种和端足目动物指数(BOPA)、底栖动物多毛类和端足目指数(BPA)和Shannon多样性指数(H)应用于福建省近岸海域4个典型海湾和1个河口的生态质量评价,评估这4个指数在研究区的适用性.结果表明:4个指数的评价结果差异较大,评价等级完全相同的站位仅有4个,占总评价站数的8.7%;AMBI将76.1%的站位评价为等级"良",BOPA将89.1%的站位评价为等级"优",BPA和H的评价结果等级梯度变化明显;对于海湾,BOPA、BPA和AMBI与营养盐因子活性磷酸盐(DIP)和无机氮(DIN)无显著相关性,不能响应研究区的富营养化压力;而H与DIN呈显著负相关.对于河口,BOPA、BPA和AMBI与DIP和DIN均呈显著正相关,且随着与入海口距离的减小,7个断面生态质量评价等级没有明显变化,不能识别河口高强度的富营养化压力,评价结果偏高;而H与DIN呈显著负相关,且随着与入海口距离的减小,7个断面生态质量评价等级呈现提高的趋势.总体上,BOPA、BPA和AMBI在福建近岸海域的适用性较低,而H更合适该研究区,能够响应研究区主要的环境压力.Three benthic biotic indices,AZTI marine biotic index（ AMBI）,benthic opportunistic polychaetes amphipods（ BOPA）,and benthic polychaetes amphipods（ BPA）,combined with Shannon diversity index（ H） were applied in ecological quality status（ EQS） assessment,to investigate their suitability at four bays and an estuary in Fujian Province. The results showed that there were substantial differences in the performance of these indices. There were only four sites with the same assessment grades using different indices,accounting for 8.7% of the applied sites. AMBI classified 76.1% of the sites as ＂Good＂,while 89.1% of the sites were classified as ＂High＂using BOPA. The assessment results of BPA and H showed obvious gradient changes. For the bay areas,all the BOPA,BPA and AMBI values had no significant correlation with dissolved inorganic phosphate（ DIP） and dissolved inorganic nitrogen（ DIN） concentrations,suggesting that these indices did not respond to eutrophication pressure. The H value was significantly and negatively correlated with DIN concentration. For the estuarine area,the three indices,i.e. BOPA,BPA and AMBI,had significantly positive correlations with DIN and DIP,and there was no clear spatial variation in the assessment grades of these indices with the distance toward sea. The results suggested that BOPA,BPA and AMBI would overestimate the EQS and would show no response to the eutrophication pressure in estuarine area. Similar to the result from the bay areas,H value in the estuary area was significantly and negatively correlated to DIN. Meanwhile,the assessment grades of the seven sections in the estuary tended to increase with the distance toward the sea. In summary,our results suggested that BOPA,BPA and AMBI would not be suitable for the EQS assessment for Fujian coastal area,while H would be more suitable as it could respond to the main anthropogenic pressures.

关 键 词：AZTI海洋生物指数 多毛类机会种和端足目动物指数 底栖动物多毛类和端足目指数 底栖生物指数 生态评价 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]