儿童肘部骨折的特征分析  

Analysis of characteristics of elbow fractures in pediatric patients

作　　者：吴剑平 丁晓飞[1] 廖世杰[1] 陆荣斌[1] 林华豪 党浩 瑞朱 Wu Jianping;Ding Xiaofei;Liao Shijie;Lu Rongbin;Lin Huahao;Dang Hao;Gc Raju(Department of Orthopedics ,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021, China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第一附属医院创伤骨科,南宁530021

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2018年第11期820-823,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：广西自然科学基金面上项目（2010GXNSFA013161）

摘　　要：目的 分析儿童肘部骨折的年龄、性别、年份、季节、骨折部位、致伤原因等分布特征。方法 收集2011年1月至2016年12月在广西医科大学第一附属医院门诊及住院治疗的儿童肘部新鲜骨折患儿资料，利用SPSS 18.0、Excel 2010软件进行统计学分析。结果共有儿童肘部骨折613例（628个部位），骨折数逐年增多，其中男414例，女199例，男女为2.081.00，年龄分布呈1岁、3岁、5岁3个高峰；4－10月为骨折高发月份；肱骨髁上骨折是最常见的儿童肘部骨折（71.29%，437/613例），其次为肱骨外髁骨折（14.68%，90/613例）、尺骨鹰嘴骨折（3.26%，20/613例）、桡骨颈骨折（2.28%，14/613例）等。摔倒为最主要的致伤原因（67.54%，414/613例），其次是高处跌落（16.64%，102/613例）、运动伤（7.83%，48/613例）、车祸伤（5.55%，34/613例）、人为故意损伤（0.65%，4/613例）。结论 儿童肘部骨折高发于1岁、3～6岁儿童，呈低龄化趋势，并逐年增多，男童多见，夏季最高发，肱骨髁上骨折最为常见，其次为肱骨外髁骨折。要关注＂留守儿童＂问题，高度重视预防儿童摔倒、高处跌落和运动损伤等意外伤害，同时也应警惕虐婴、打架等人为故意损伤。ObjectiveTo study the distribution and the characteristic of elbow fractures in children according to the age, sex, year, season and anatomical location.MethodsThe data of pediatric elbow fractures which were treated either in outpatient department or hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University between January 2011 and December 2016 were collected.The distribution and characteristics of the fractures were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 software and Excel 2010.ResultsA total of 613 patients with elbow fractures （628 different anatomical sites） were registered.The incidence seemed to increase by each year.Among them, 414 cases were male and 199 cases were female （male/female ratio 2.081.00）. There were 3 distinct peaks which were respectively at the ages of 1, 3 and 5.The fractures happened frequently from April to October.The most common type was supracondylar fracture of humerus（71.29%, 437/613 cases）, followed by lateral condylar fracture of humerus（14.68%, 90/613 cases）, olecranon fracture（3.26%, 20/613 cases） and radial neck fracture （2.28%, 14/613 cases）. The most common cause of injury was falling on the same level （67.54%, 414/613 cases）, followed by dropping from heights （16.64%, 102/613 cases）, then sports injury （7.83%, 48/613 cases）, traffic accidents （5.55%, 34/613 cases） as well as some intentional injuries （0.65%, 4/613 cases）.ConclusionsThe highest incidence of elbow fracture was found in children around 1 year, and 3-6 years.Boys are more affected than girls, probably attributed to their active nature.Fractures are more frequent in summer in which supracondylar fracture of humerus is the most common type.Most fractures occur after falling on the same level, indicating how easy it is to get injured in children.So careful examination is necessary to all the pediatric cases who came with a history of fall.Attention should be paid to intentional injuries especially so as to rule out if the cases belong to brutal abuse.

关 键 词：儿童 肘部骨折 分布特征 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]