15种铁角蕨科植物叶表皮形态特征的研究  

Morphological Features of Leaf Epidermis of Fifteen Aspleniaceae Species

作　　者：高晓雯 王梦颖 徐斌[1] 陆丹妮 戴锡玲[1] GAO Xiao-Wen;WANG Meng-Ying;XU Bin;LU Dan-Ni;DAI Xi-Ling(College of Life and Environment Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 20023)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《植物研究》2018年第4期481-489,共9页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金(15ZR1430500);上海市科学技术委员会课题(14DZ2260400);上海市绿化和市容管理局科学技术项目(G152430);上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目(17DZ2252700)~~

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜对铁角蕨科15种植物的叶表皮形态特征进行观察。研究结果表明:(1)15种铁角蕨科植物的叶上、下表皮细胞形状为不规则型,垂周壁为深波状、波状或浅波状;上表皮细胞长宽比1.3~2.6,下表皮细胞长宽比1.3~4.1;(2)在15种铁角蕨科植物中共观察到7种气孔器类型,分别为腋下细胞型、不等细胞型、无规则四细胞型、无规则型、极细胞型、聚合极细胞型和聚腋下细胞型,每种植物具有2~5种气孔器类型,气孔均为下生型,多为椭圆形;气孔的长宽比1.12~2.81,气孔密度16.4~105.1个·mm^(-2),气孔指数为5.7%~21.1%;(3)铁角蕨科植物叶表皮形态特征中的上表皮细胞形状、垂周壁形状、上表皮细胞长宽比、主要气孔器类型及衍生类型等具有一定的属内稳定性,可作为铁角蕨科属间分类的依据之一;(4)该研究在一定程度上支持秦仁昌和吴兆洪对铁角蕨科的划分以及铁角蕨属内分组和组内分系,并为铁角蕨科植物的分类鉴定及系统演化研究提供基础资料。We studied the epidermal morphology of 15 species of Aspleniaceae under light microscope. The results indicated that： （1）The shape of the upper and lower epidermal cells of 15 species of Aspleniaceae are irregular, with sinuate, sinuous or repand anticlinal walls. The length to width radio of upper epidermal ceils was between 1.3 - 2.6, and the length and width radio of lower epidermal cells was between 1.3 - 4.1 ; （ 2 ） In these 15 kinds of plants, 7 types of stomatal apparatus were observed, Axillocytic-type, Aisocytic-type, Anomotetracytic-type, Anomocytic-type, Polocytic-type, Copolocytic-type and Coaxillocytic-type. Each plants has two to 5 types of stomatal apparatus, all the stomatal apparatuses occur in the lower epidermis, and most of them are elliptical. Stomatal length to width ratio was between 1.12 - 2.81 ; the stomatal density was 16.4 - 105.1 unit ~ ram-2, and the stomatal index was 5.7% -21.1% ; （3）The upper epidermal cells＇ shape, the shape of the anticlinal walls, the ratio of the length to width of the upper epidermal cells, the type of stomatal apparatus, the main types and the derived types have some stabilities in genus, which can be the basis for morphological classification of leaf epidermis of 15 species of Aspleniaceae; （4）To a certain extent, this study supports the division of Aspleniaceae, grouping Asplenium L and classified series of genus by Qin Renchang andWu Zhaohong. Our study provided the basic data for the evolution and classification of the species of Aspleniaceae.

关 键 词：铁角蕨科 叶表皮 气孔器 细胞形态 

分 类 号：Q944.56[生物学—植物学] Q949.36