自杀大学生中的应激事件  

Stress Events in College Students with Suicide

作　　者：吴才智[1,2] 于丽霞[1,2] 孙启武[1,2] 陈真珍[1,2] 江光荣[1,2] WU Cai-zhi;YU Li-xia;SUN Qi-wu;CHEN Zhen-zhen;JIANG Guang-rong(Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behaviour（CCNU）, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China;School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Beings Development and Mental Health, Wuhan 430079, China)

机构地区：[1]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079 [2]华中师范大学心理学院暨人的发展与心理健康湖北省重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2018年第3期472-476,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

基　　金：2017年度湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室开放项目;2017年度湖北省心理健康教育与咨询研究会暨湖北省教育厅人文社科专项任务项目(17Z005);2016年度国家社科基金重大投标项目(16ZDA232)

摘　　要：目的:探讨大学生自杀前遭遇的应激事件及影响,识别自杀的危险因素。方法:以100例自杀死亡大学生个案为研究对象,在心理解剖研究基础上,采用讨论一致的质性方法,评定应激事件在个案中的检出率与影响。结果:(1)89%的个案遭遇过应激事件;检出率排在前3位的分别是学业受挫、爱情受挫、严重家庭冲突;其中79%的应激事件发生在自杀前的3个月内。(2)74%的个案遭遇了转折性应激事件;排在前3位的分别是爱情受挫、学业受挫、严重家庭冲突;其中84.85%的转折性应激事件发生在3个月内。结论:自杀大学生遭遇的应激事件与转折性应激事件,呈现高集中度、高一致性的特点;检出率较高的事件预示着较高的自杀风险,可作为大学生自杀的危险因素或心理危机预警指标。Objective： To recognize the risk factors of suicidal behavior through discussing stress events suicidal college students encountered and the influence brought to them before their suicide. Methods： 100 college students with suicide were studied by qualitative analysis on the basis of Psychological Autopsy to evaluate the prevalence and influence of stress events in each case. Results： （1）89% of the cases encountered stress events before suicide. Frustrations in academic, frustrations in love, and severe family conflicts were of highest prevalence. 79% of all these stress events took place within 3 months before suicide. （2）74% of the cases experienced stressful events that had critical consequences for suicide. Frustrations in love, frustrations in academic, and severe family conflicts were of highest prevalence. 84.85% of all these events took place within 3 months before the suicide. Conclusion： College students with suicide have consistent stress events, and those with high prevalence predict high suicidal risks.

关 键 词：大学生 自杀 应激事件 心理解剖 质性研究 

分 类 号：R395.2[哲学宗教—心理学]