基于标准电容器的工频、冲击两用型分压器的研制  

Development of Power-frequency and Impulse-voltage Voltage Divider Based on Standard Capacitor

作　　者：龙兆芝 李文婷 刘少波 鲁非 肖凯 张弛 LONG Zhaozhi;LI Wenting;LIU Shaobo;LU Fei;XIAO kai;ZHANG Chi(Measurement Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China;Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Hubei Hubei Electric Power Company, Wuhan 430077, China)

机构地区：[1]中国电力科学研究院有限公司计量研究所,武汉430074 [2]国网湖北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,武汉430077

出　　处：《高电压技术》2018年第6期1836-1843,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(JL71-15-043);国家自然科学基金(51607161)~~

摘　　要：高压标准电容具有优良的线性度、温度系数以及不受外界环境影响等优点,也可测量冲击电压。为此介绍一种600 kV基于压缩SF6气体绝缘的正立式标准电容器的两用型分压器。使用有限元分析软件ANSOFT对高压套管进行仿真计算,对接地屏蔽及中间电位屏蔽的位置和尺寸进行优化设计。当中间电位屏蔽上的电压系数k=41.6%时,沿套管外壁电场强度2个峰值持平约0.5 kV/mm,套管利用率最佳。对于电极的设计,依据电场大小确定高压电极形状和尺寸,不断优化屏蔽电极的尺寸,尽可能均匀低压电极表面的电场强度。为了改善分压器的动态性能,设计时低压电极与外壳外壁的距离仅25 mm。利用回归分析,工频电压下电容器的电压系数〈5×10^（-5）。安装低压臂后,测量得到分压器的动态特性,上升时间41.6 ns。雷电全波下与标准冲击电阻分压器进行比对,2台分压器输出波形一致性非常好。The high voltage standard capacitor has many advantages such as desired linearity, small temperature coefficient and being unaffected by the external environment. We introduced a kind of 600 kV dual-purpose voltage divider based on upright-type compressed-gas high-voltage standard capacitor. The finite element analysis software of ANSOFT was used to simulate the high voltage bushing. The installation position and dimension of the grounding shield and the middle potential shield were optimized. It is found that the average of two peak values of electric field along the outer surface of busing both is 0.5 kV/mm and the bushing utilization is the best with the voltage coefficient k of 41.6%. For the design of the electrodes, the shape and size of the high voltage electrode are determined by the value of electric field. The size of the shielded electrode is continuously optimized to uniform the electric field intensity on the surface of the low voltage electrode. In order to improve the dynamic behavior of the divider, the distance between the low voltage electrode and the out wall of the metal tank is only 25 mm. By a regression analysis, the voltage coefficient of the capacitor under power frequency voltage is less than 5×10^（-5）. With the installation of low voltage arm, the step response of the divider is measured, and the partial rise time is 41.6 ns. Comparison with standard impulse resistive divider, the output waves of two dividers are in good agreement under lighting impulse voltage.

关 键 词：标准电容器 屏蔽 冲击电压 ANSOFT 动态特性 电压系数 

分 类 号：TM53[电气工程—电器]