乌鲁木齐夏季近地面CO_2浓度空间分布特征  

Space Distribution Characteristics of Near-surface CO_2 Concentration in Summer of Urumqi

作　　者：蔡寅潮 韩炜[1,2] 管文轲 费兵强[1,2] 马霄华 党亚玲 CAI Yinchao;HAN Wei;GUAN Wenke;FEI Bingqiang;MA Xiaohua;DANG Yaling(School of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;Key Laboratory of Arid Area of Lake Environment and Natural Resources of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830054, China;Institute of Afforestation and Sand Control, Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Science, Urumqi 830000, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [3]新疆林业科学院造林治沙研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第6期22-27,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室开放基金(XJDX0909-2012-07);新疆师范大学"十三五"校级重点学科地理学招标课题资助(17SDKD0704);新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑专项塔里木河中下游胡杨生态修复研究与示范(HY-2.3);教育部人文社会科学研究项目青年基金(14XJJCZH003)

摘　　要：准确认知城市近地面CO_2浓度空间分布特征对控制温室气体的排放以及创造宜居城市具有重要的意义。利用Li-6400开路式红外CO_2分析器,以乌鲁木齐城区为研究对象,运用移动监测手段采集近地面CO_2浓度、遥感数据获取城市下垫面特征信息。以原点(监测起点)为起点,分别沿城市主干道设置3条典型下垫面缓冲区样带(AL、HB、HN),分析了近地面CO_2浓度与下垫面及气象要素的相关性。结果显示:(1)乌鲁木齐近地面CO_2浓度平均为(451.21±25.0)μmol/mol。近地面CO_2浓度空间分布呈现"北高南低"两翼发展趋势。(2)近地面CO_2浓度与风速的相关性较强,相关系数为-0.72(P<0.01);与湿度、气压的相关性相对较弱,相关系数分别为-0.40、-0.35(P<0.05)。(3)乌鲁木齐市近地面CO_2浓度与1 km缓冲区范围内下垫面土地利用类型相关性显著。其中近地面CO_2浓度与建设用地覆盖率呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.73(P<0.01),与绿地覆盖率呈显著负相关,相关系数为-0.43(P<0.05)。可见,城市近地面CO_2浓度空间分布与下垫面性质、气象等要素有较为紧密的联系。Recognizing the spatial distribution of near-surface CO2 concentrations in cities is important to control greenhouse gas emissions and create livable cities. Using Li-6400 infrared CO2 analyzer, with urban area of Urumqi as the research object, the mobile monitoring means were adopted to collect near-surface CO2 concentration, remote sensing data to obtain the characteristics of the underlying surface of the city information. Starting from the origin（monitoring starting point）, three typical underlying surface buffer zones（AL, HB, HN） were set along the main roads of the city. The correlation between near surface CO2 concentration and underlying surface and meteorological elements was analyzed. The results showed that average CO2 concentration near the ground in Urumqi was（451.21 ± 25.0） μmol/mol. The spatial distribution of near-surface CO2 concentration presents the development trend of ＂northward high and southward low＂. There is a strong correlation between near-surface CO2 concentration and wind speed, with a correlation coefficient of-0.72（P〈0.01）, and a relatively weak correlation with humidity and pressure, with correlation coefficients of-0.40 and-0.35（P〈0.05）. There is a significant correlation between near-surface CO2 concentration in Urumqi and underlying land use types in the 1 km buffer zone. There was a significant positive correlation between near-surface CO2 concentration and construction land coverage,with a correlation coefficient of 0.73（P〈0.01） and a significant negative correlation with green space coverage with a correlation coefficient of-0.43（P〈0.05）. It can be concluded that the spatial distribution of near-surface CO2 concentration in urban areas is closely related to the underlying surface properties and meteorological factors.

关 键 词：乌鲁木齐 近地面 CO2浓度 建设用地 绿地覆盖率 风速 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]