生物沥浸法改善河道底泥脱水性能的效果  

Improving Dewaterability of Dredged River-Sediment by Bioleaching Technology

作　　者：石明岩[1] 刘恒甫[1] 石云峰 王施政 朱月琪 简国丹 SHI Mingyan;LIU Hengfu;SHI Yunfeng;WANG Shizheng;ZHU Yueqi;JIAN Guodanl(College of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;Guangzhou Jinlongfeng Environmental Protection Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China)

机构地区：[1]广州大学土木工程学院,广东广州510006 [2]广州市金龙峰环保设备工程有限公司,广东广州510000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2018年第6期97-102,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51308136);广东省研究生教育创新计划项目;天河区科技计划项目(201605YH026);广州大学大学生创新训练项目(CX2016012)

摘　　要：采用生物沥浸法改善河道底泥脱水性能,通过正交试验得到能量底物和接种物投量配比,并分析了该配比下沥浸过程pH、ORP、污泥颗粒粒径分布及表面形貌的变化。结果表明:能量底物和接种物投量的合理配比为S^02 g/L、FeS_2 5 g/L、接种物投量10%。在该投量下沥浸,底泥中粒径≤30μm颗粒所占比例由初始的33.06%增至65.20%,底泥SRF由原始的5.06×10^(12)m/kg降至9.16×10^(11)m/kg,降幅达81.89%;沥浸过程SRF与pH、ORP的变化同步,同时底泥中有类似黄钾铁矾和施氏矿物的物质生成,表明底泥脱水性能的改善是沥浸产生的酸化、氧化和混凝的协同作用所致。此外,细菌总数、总大肠菌群和粪大肠菌群灭活率均在98%以上,表明生物沥浸在改善底泥脱水性能的同时可实现病原微生物的高效灭活。To ameliorate dewaterability of dredged river-sediments, a bioleaching technology was experimentally studied through orthogonal test, and thereby the rational proportion of energy substrate and inoculum dosage were obtained and then the changes of pH value, ORP, distribution of particle size and surface morphology of dredge sludge during bioleaching process were analyzed. The experimental study suggested the optimum proportion of energy substrate was S^02 g/L, FeS2 5 g/L and inoculum dosage was 10%. As a result, in the bioleached sediments, the ratio of dredge sludge particles size less than or equal to 30 μm were increased from 33.06% to 65.20%, the SRF（specific resistance） declined from 5.06×10^（12） to 9.16×10^（11） m/kg, a decrease of 81.89%; and ORP and pH synchronization with the change of SRF during bioleaching process, some minerals were found in dredged sediments, whose property were similar to those of jarosite and schwertmannite,thus showing that dewaterability of bioleached dredge sediments was improved by the synergy of acidification, oxidation and flocculation. In addition, in the bioleached sediments the inactivationrates of total bacteria, total coliforms and fecal coliforms all reached more than 98%, which indicated efficient inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms and improved dewaterability could be achieved at the same time by bioleaching.

关 键 词：废物处理 生物沥浸 河道底泥 脱水 正交试验 氧化 混凝 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]