铁镍磁性涂层碳纤维软磁性能及电磁屏蔽效能的研究  

Soft Magnetic Properties and Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness of Magnetic FeNi Coated Carbon Fibers

作　　者：王畅[1,2] 纪长松 岳建岭 黄小忠[1,2] 杜作娟 唐秀之[1,2] WANG Chang;JI Chang-song;YUE Jian-ling;HUANG Xiao-zhong;DU Zuo-juan;TANG Xiu-zhi(Central South University, Changsha 410012, China;Hunan Key laboratory of Advanced Fibers and Composites, Changsha 410006, China;China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学,长沙410012 [2]新型特种纤维及其复合材料湖南省重点实验室,长沙410006 [3]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《表面技术》2018年第6期174-180,共7页Surface Technology

基　　金：湖南省科技计划项目(2015TP1007);国家自然科学基金项目(51201187)~~

摘　　要：目的制备兼具良好电磁屏蔽效能和软磁性能的新型屏蔽材料。方法采用化学镀的方法在碳纤维表面制备FeNi合金涂层和Ni涂层。运用SEM、EDS、XRD分析涂层碳纤维的形貌、成分和镀层结构。通过VSM研究其软磁性能。采用万用表测量其电阻并计算电导率。利用网络矢量分析仪测量其电磁参数并计算其电磁屏蔽效能,进而对FeNi合金涂层碳纤维和Ni涂层碳纤维的上述性能进行对比。结果金属镀层均匀且晶粒细小。FeNi合金涂层碳纤维的矫顽力为29.25 Oe,饱和磁化强度为25.61 emu/g。在7.92~18 GHz频率范围内,FeNi合金涂层碳纤维的电磁屏蔽效能均在30 dB以上,峰值为40.79 dB。结论金属涂层能使碳纤维具有软磁性能,并能有效地调整其电磁参数,进而显著提高其电磁屏蔽效能。与Ni涂层碳纤维相比,FeNi合金涂层碳纤维的上述性能更加优异。该研究为兼具良好电磁屏蔽效能和软磁性能的新型屏蔽材料的制备提供了新方案。The work aims to prepare a new shielding material exhibiting excellent electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and soft magnetic properties. Electroless plating was adopted to prepare FeNi alloy coating and Ni coating on the surface of carbon fiber. Microstructure, composition and plating structure of the carbon fibers were analyzed using SEM, EDS and XRD. The soft magnetic properties were also investigated with VSM. Resistance was measured with a multimeter, and conductivity was calculated. Moreover, electromagnetic parameters were also measured with a network vector analyzer, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was calculated. Above-mentioned properties of FeNi coated carbon fiber and Ni coated carbon fiber were compared. Metal coating was uniform and grains were fine. Coercivity of FeNi coated carbon fiber was 29.25 Oe, and saturation magnetization was 25.61 emu/g. Value of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of FeNi coated carbon fiber was over 30 dB in the frequency range of 7.92-18 GHz, and the maximum value was 40.79 dB. The metal coating endowed carbon fibers with soft magnetic properties, adjusted electromagnetic parameters effectively, and further improved the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness significantly. Compared with Ni-coated carbon fibers, the above-mentioned properties of FeNi coated carbon were better. The study has provided a new scheme for preparing a novel shielding material exhibiting excellent electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and soft magnetic properties.

关 键 词：FeNi合金涂层 Ni涂层 碳纤维 电磁屏蔽效能 软磁性能 化学镀 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]