川藏高原地区以牧业组为单位的包虫病防治模式效果评价  

Evaluation of the effects of an intervention in the form of community-based echinococcosis control on the Sichuan-Tibet plateau

作　　者：王立英[1] 伍卫平[1] 王旭 王谦[2] 张福斌 WANG Li-ying;WU Wei-ping;WANG Xu;WANG Qian;ZHANG Fu-bin(National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Filariasis Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, MOH , Shanghai 200025, China;Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Rang Tang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心寄生虫病预防控制所世界卫生组织疟疾血吸虫和丝虫病合作中心卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室,上海200025 [2]四川省疾病预防控制中心 [3]四川省阿坝州壤塘县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2018年第5期468-471,共4页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：WHO/TDR WP/09/MVP/001726;国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.81703281)

摘　　要：目的探索以牧业组为基础单位的包虫病防治模式在疾控实践中的可行性,评价该模式的防治效果。方法在四川省壤塘县随机选择康隆村和壤塘村分别作为包虫病干预组和对照组,干预结束后,通过KAP问卷调查、犬粪抗原检测、人群B超筛查等评价干预效果。结果两村共查出51例包虫,其中50例为泡型包虫病,1例为囊型包虫病。实施干预后干预村人群包虫病知晓情况比对照组有了更为明显的积极转变;干预村犬驱虫覆盖率为83.73%,约为干预前的7倍;对照村覆盖率为37.42%,较之前增加1倍。干预后干预村犬驱虫覆盖率与对照村比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=31.14,P<0.01);干预村和对照村犬粪抗原阳性率分别为4.93%和11.64,与干预前26.8%和29.48%比较差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为26.81和P<0.05);干预后干预村与对照村比较犬粪抗原阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.80,P<0.05)。干预村完成全村犬驱虫需422人·h,对照组要1 393人·h。结论壤塘县为囊型包虫病和泡型包虫病混合流行的包虫病重流行区。以牧业组为基础单位的包虫病防治模式能够促进疫区包虫病防控工作的落实,显著降低环境的传播风险,有利于遏制包虫病的流行。Objectives To explore the feasibility of community-based echinococcosis control and to evaluate the effectiveness of that approach. Methods The two villages of Kanglong and Rangtang in Rangtang County,Sichuan Province were randomly selected to serve as the intervention group and the control group,respectively.Effects of an intervention were compared in the two groups through a KAP questionnaire,examination of canine feces,and color B ultrasound after the intervention. Results After the intervention,the population in the intervention group had a more marked positive change in their knowledge of hydatid disease than the control group.Canines owned by the intervention group underwent deworming at a rate of 83.73%（χ^2=97.73,P〈0.01）,which was about 7 times the rate before intervention.Canines owned by the control group underwent deworming at a rate of 37.42%（χ^2=17.80,P〈0.01）,which was about 2 times the previous rate.Canine fecal samples tested positive for echinococci at a rate of 4.93%（χ^2=26.81,P〈0.05）for animals owned by the intervention group and at a rate of 11.46%（χ^2=12.29,P〈0.05）for animals owned by the control group.The rate at which samples tested positively differed significantly between two groups（χ^2=4.80,P〈0.05）.Results indicated that one complete round of canine deworming took about 3 working days for animals owned by the intervention group（422 people＊hour）but it took 174 days（1 393 people＊hour）for animals owned by the control group.Conclusion Community-based echinococcosis control promoted the prevention and control of hydatid disease in an area with echinococcosis outbreaks by effectively curbing the spread of the pathogen.

关 键 词：包虫病 棘球蚴病 牧业组 防治模式 干预 

分 类 号：R532.32[医药卫生—内科学]