“实践遗失”假说:樟湖坂崇蛇仪式进化及证据解析  

The “Loss-in-practice” Hypothesis: Evolution and Analysis of Ophiolatry Rituals in Zhanghuban

作　　者：卢政营[1] LU Zhengying(Department of Tourism, Tianjin University of Finance ＆ Economy, Tianjin 300222, Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学商学院旅游系,天津300222

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2018年第6期99-109,共11页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"文化资源旅游化过程中的增权机制研究"(12CJY089);天津市教委社会科学重大项目"天津旅游文化资源创意机制研究"(No.2011ZD021)资助~~

摘　　要：福建南平樟湖坂的崇蛇仪式在旅游商业化社会实践的变迁中发生动态性的遗失,文章通过案例分析验证了"实践遗失"假说:崇蛇仪式从世俗社会的神圣化信仰逐渐转变为旅游世界的大众化观光,符合萨林斯对仪式进化路径的动态演化论点。崇蛇仪式的结构逐渐旅游化,其功能实现了去神秘化,意义生产偏重地方知识的全球化;仪式进化中体现了从宇宙格局、人伦格局到经济格局的实践遗失过程。The case Zhanghuban of Nanping city in Fujian province regarding snake worship aims to verify the following＂loss-in-practice＂hypothesis： snake worship ceremonies have gradually shifted from a sacred faith in secular society into a popular attraction amid the tourism realm. This statement is consistent with Marshall Sahlins＇ thesis on the evolutionary path of rituals. The ritual structure gradually becomes＂touristified＂, its functions demystified and its meaning loaded with the need to globalize local knowledge. The evolution of the ritual symbolizes a loss-in-practice process which started embodying the universe, transited amid human relationships and ultimately resulted in an economic pattern.The second part of the paper follows four basic logic elements, which bring upon the construction process of the theoretical hypothesis. First of all, the＂undetermined questions must be put forward＂statement refers to the＂dynamic loss＂process experienced on the snake worship rituals in the Zhang huban case. This process is present on the change of the decisive factors regarding the environment in which the ritual exists（Victor Turner, 1967）. This change has undergone different stages on its ＂threshold features＂（Arnold van Gennep, 2010） and has ultimately reached the dynamic loss and gradual extinction of its＂structure and function＂（J E. Harrison, 2011）. Secondly, the＂conceived basic standpoint of the hypothesis＂ refers to the change in three threshold characteristics, namely ＂deterritorializing in local production＂, ＂shingling in structural production＂ and ＂spirit depletion in meaning production＂. It is a kind of dynamic loss-in-practice process.Thirdly, the＂theoretical statement＂points out that Sahlins＇ path refers to the social transformation process from secular society to tourism, as the ritual experiences different stages, namely the cultural adjustment on the ritual culture depicted by Victor Turner＇s living state, by Emile Durkheim＇s identify state, by

关 键 词：世俗社会 仪式进化 萨林斯路径 实践遗失假说 樟湖坂崇蛇仪式 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]