厌氧氨氧化菌快速富集培养及微生物机制解析  

Quick Enrichment of ANAMMOX Bacteria and Microbial Community Mechanism Analysis

作　　者：陈彦霖 隋倩雯[1] 姜黎安 姚丽 陈梅雪[1] 魏源送[1] CHEN Yan-lin;SUI Qian-wen;JIANG Li-an;YAO Li;CHEN Mei-xue;WEI Yuan-song(Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Belting 100049, China;School of Chemical ＆ Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining ＆ Technology, Belting 100083, China;School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心水污染控制实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049 [3]中国矿业大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [4]中国科学技术大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2018年第13期26-31,共6页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07102003);国家自然科学基金资助项目(21607167);国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0501405);江西省科技计划项目(20151BBG70006)

摘　　要：为快速筛选培养高丰度的厌氧氨氧化污泥,解决厌氧氨氧化菌培养难、倍增速率慢的难题,采用UASB反应器富集培养厌氧氨氧化污泥,并对群落结构的演替进行了解析。通过进水除氧和逐步提高容积负荷的方法富集厌氧氨氧化菌,当总氮容积负荷在0.96 kg/(m^3·d)时,总氮去除率和去除负荷分别约为84.63%和0.817 kg/(m^3·d)。扫描电镜发现反应器中的污泥群落由短杆菌和粘性物质逐步转变成以球菌聚集体为主,呈球形或卵形,直径在0.8~1μm之间。采用高通量测序法对菌群结构进行检测后发现,随着厌氧氨氧化菌富集程度的增加,浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)含量从13.1%提高到54.7%,而变形菌门(Proteobacteria)则从58.3%降低至24.8%。在55 d中厌氧氨氧化菌Candidatus Kuenenia丰度从4.7%提高至48.8%,实现了快速高效富集。To enrich the anaerobic ammonium oxidation （ANAMMOX） bacteria and solve the dif-ficulty of slow growth rate of ANAMMOX bacteria, the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket （UASB） reactor was used to culture the ANAMMOX bacteria. The ANAMMOX bacteria were enriched by gradually in- creasing the volumetric loading of the reactor and removing oxygen from influent, with a total nitrogen re- moval efficiency of 84.63% and a removal load of 0. 817 kg/（ m3 · d） at a volume load of 0.96 kg/（ m3 · d）. The reactor sludge community changed gradually from Brevibacterium and viscous material compo- sition to Cocci aggregates, with diameter of about 0. 8 - 1 μm. The detection of microbial community byhigh-throughput sequencing method showed that the content of Planctomycetes increased from 13.1% to 54.7% with the increase of ANAMMOX bacteria, while that of Proteobacteria decreased from 58.3% to 24.8%. The ANAMMOX bacteria Candidatus Kuenenia had an abundance of up to 48.8% during the operation, while another ANAMMOX bacteria Candidatus Brocadia abundance decreased to 3.9%.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 UASB 快速富集 群落结构 高通量测序 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]