芦荟田主要杂草种类调查及不同类型地膜覆盖除草效果研究  

Study on Weed in Aloe Field and Effect of Weed Control under Mulching Cultivation with Different Films

作　　者：张游南 彭建平[1] 黄飞龙[1] Zhang Younan et al.(Putian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Putian 351144,Chin)

机构地区：[1]莆田市农业科学研究所,福建莆田351144

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2018年第10期73-75,共3页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：福建省莆田市科技计划项目(2016N2008)

摘　　要：杂草是芦荟栽培过程中的一大灾害,为了安全高效地防除芦荟田杂草,对芦荟田主要杂草种类组成及不同类型地膜覆盖防除芦荟田杂草的效果进行了研究。结果表明:芦荟田主要杂草共有37种,分属于14个科33属,其中1年生杂草有23种,约占62.16%。杂草的优势科为菊科、禾本科、莎草科、大戟科,约占72.97%。各参试地膜对芦荟田杂草均有一定程度的防除作用,杂草株数防效达40.78%~93.74%,鲜重防效达41.25%~96.13%。其中,黑色地膜对芦荟田杂草的防除效果最好,杂草株数防效和鲜重防效均高于90%。说明覆盖黑色地膜,能达到不用除草剂就能有效防控芦荟田杂草的目的。Weed is a disaster for the planting process of aloe. The weed species and the effect of weed control under mulching cultivation with different films in aloe field were investigated,in order to control weed with high efficacy and safely in aloe field. The results showed that there were 37 weed species belonging to 33 generas,14 families.Among them,annual weeds belonged to 23 species and mainly accounted for 62.16% of the total number of weeds,much larger than the other weeds. Asteraceae,Gramineae,Cyperaceae and Euphorbiaceae were dominant families,they were mainly 72.97% of the total weeds. All of the testing films had a certain weed control effect in aloe field,their plant control effect reached a level from 40.78% to 93.74%,and their fresh weight control effect reached a level from 41.25% to 96.13%. Mulching the black film could obtain the optimal effect,the control effects of plant and fresh weight to weeds were higher than 90%. The available data proved that the effect of black film on weed control was obvious,and the purpose of effectively control the weeds without herbicides could achieved.

关 键 词：芦荟 杂草 地膜 防除效果 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]