核心区肌群功能性训练预防新兵下背痛和提高核心肌功能效果观察  

Functional training of core muscles preventing low back pain and improving core muscle function of recruits: an observational study

作　　者：李同明[1] 王新 方凡夫[1] 顾伟[3] 李柏[1] LI Tong-ming;WANG Xin;FANG Fan-fu;GU Wei;LI Bai(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University （Second Military Medical University）, Shanghai 200433, China;Department of Integrative Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University （Second Military Medical University）, Shanghai 200438, China;Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Navy Medical University （Second Military Medical University）, Shanghai 200433, China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)长海医院康复医学科,上海200433 [2]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)东方肝胆外科医院中西医结合科,上海200438 [3]海军军医大学(第二军医大学)中医系,上海200433

出　　处：《第二军医大学学报》2018年第5期538-542,共5页Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University

基　　金：上海市中医药三年行动计划(ZY3-CCCX-3-7002);空军后勤部重点项目子课题(BKJ14L007)~~

摘　　要：目的研究核心区肌群功能性训练预防新兵下背痛和提高核心肌功能的效果。方法随机选取某海军训练基地健康男性新兵作为受试对象,将其随机分为核心肌训练组和常规腰肌锻炼组。两组分别接受为期12周的核心区肌群功能性训练和常规腰腹肌锻炼,锻炼方案为:每周3~5次且随周期递增,每次完成3组动作,每次锻炼30 min。由康复科治疗医师在第4、8、12周时进驻训练基地调查新兵下背痛发病情况,在第1、12周时由2位固定医师对新兵进行腰腹核心区肌群稳定性俯桥测试和腰背核心区肌群耐力测试。结果成功收录588名新兵,其中核心肌训练组295名,常规腰肌锻炼组293名。在第12周时,核心肌训练组新兵下背痛发生率低于常规腰肌锻炼组[1.13%(3/266)vs 6.07%(15/247),P=0.002]。两组新兵第12周时的俯桥、腰肌耐力测试值均较第1周增加,但核心肌训练组的增长幅度大于常规腰肌锻炼组(P均<0.01)。结论核心区肌群功能性训练较常规腰肌锻炼更能有效预防下背痛,其对腰腹部核心肌维持脊柱稳定性的增强及对腰背肌耐力的改善均优于常规腰肌锻炼。Objective To explore the significance of functional training of core muscles for preventing low back pain and improving core muscle function in recruits. Methods Healthy male recruits were enrolled from a naval training base and were randomly assigned to core muscle training group and conventional lumbar muscle training group. The recruits in the two groups received functional training of core muscles and routine training of lumbar and abdominal muscles for 12 weeks, respectively. The training procedure was 3-5 times a week and increased with training cycle, with 3 sets of actions being completed every time for 30 min. On the 4 ^th, 8 ^th and 12 ^th weeks, rehabilitation physicians came into the base and investigated the incidence of low back pain of the recruits. Two fixed physicians carried out waist core muscle stability bridge test and waist and back core muscle endurance test on the 1 st and 12 ^th weeks. Results Totally 588 recruits were enrolled, including 295 recruits in the core muscle training group and 293 in the conventional lumbar muscle training group. The incidence of low back pain on the 12 ^th week was significantly lower in the core muscle training group than that in the conventional lumbar muscle training group（1.13% [3/266] vs 6.07% [15/247], P=0.002）. On the 12 ^th week, the bridge and endurance of lumbar muscles were significantly increased versus those on the 1 st week in the two groups, but the growth rate of the core muscle training group was significantly greater than that of the conventional lumbar muscle training group（all P〈0.01）. Conclusion Compared with traditional lumbar muscle training, functional training of core muscles more effectively prevents low back pain, enhances the lumbar and abdominal core muscle to maintain spinal stability, and improves back muscle endurance.

关 键 词：下背痛 核心区肌群 功能训练 新兵 

分 类 号：R874[医药卫生—运动医学]