PPR蛋白在植物线粒体和叶绿体中功能的研究进展  

Research progress on functions of PPR proteins in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts

作　　者：王婉珍 田发安 任育军[1] 缪颖[1] WANG Wanzhen, TIAN Fa＇an, REN Yujun, MIAO Ying(Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, Chin)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院分子细胞和系统生物学中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期257-266,共10页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31400260;31470383;31770318);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2015J01082)

摘　　要：植物中的线粒体和叶绿体是包含遗传信息的半自主性细胞器,它们的功能同时受到自身和细胞核遗传信息共同的调控.三角状五肽(PPR)蛋白是一类含有三角状五肽重复结构的核基因组编码蛋白的大家族.植物中的PPR蛋白通常定位于线粒体或叶绿体中,并对这些细胞器基因组转录的RNA进行编辑和修饰,参与许多重要的组织发生和器官形成过程的调控,同时也参与了植物对内外环境变化过程的响应等.因此,PPR是研究植物中细胞器功能和核质互作机制的热点.依据PPR蛋白基序的种类和排列方式,将植物中的PPR分为两大亚类:P类和PLS类.P类由经典的35个氨基酸基序排列组成,主要参与细胞器基因的转录调控;短的S、长的L和经典的P基序排列组成PLS亚族,主要对细胞器基因转录的RNA进行编辑修饰.本文主要从PPR蛋白的结构、亚细胞定位以及在线粒体和叶绿体中的功能等方面着手阐述植物PPR蛋白在叶绿体和线粒体基因组转录和加工过程中的作用以及与植物发育之间的关系,并对研究中存在的一些问题提出设想.Mitochondria and chloroplasts are semi-autonomous organelles in plants. Their functions are regulated by both their own and the nuclear information. Pentatricopeptide repeat（ PPR） proteins are a large nuclear genome encoded protein family with a triangular five peptide repeat structure. PPRs are usually sub-located in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts,and participate in organelle genome transcribed RNA editing and modifications. The functions of PPRs are varied in different plant tissue and organ development processes,and also in the responses to changes of internal and external environment events. Therefore,the research on PPRs is one of the hotspots in the study of organelle functions and cytoplasm-nuclear interactions in plants. PPRs are mainly divided into two major categories,class P and class PLS,based on the types of PPR motif and their arrangement. In this study,we summarize the research progress on the functions of PPRs in plants,mainly focus on the protein structure characteristics,the sub-cellular localization of PPRs,and the functions of PPRs in mitochondria and chloroplasts to decipher the roles of PPRs in mitochondria and chloroplasts RNA editing and processing,and their regulations with plant development. Some prospects about the problems existing in present studies are also proposed.

关 键 词：三角状五肽(PPR)蛋白 线粒体 叶绿体 亚细胞定位 RNA加工 植物发育 

分 类 号：Q291[生物学—细胞生物学]