蓄水前后三峡库区气候时空变化特征  

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Climate Change in Three Gorges Reservoir Area before and after Impoundment

作　　者：符坤 张六一[1] 任强 FU Kun,ZHANG Liuyi,REN Qiang(Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evoliation and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir,Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, Chin)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重点实验室,重庆404100

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2018年第3期82-86,96,共6页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：重庆市教委科技计划项目(KJ1501006);重庆市万州区科委项目(wzstc-042017105);三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重点实验室项目(WEPKL2016ZD-02)

摘　　要：为了解蓄水以来三峡库区局部气象时空变化,收集了三峡库区库首(秭归)、腹地(万州)、库尾(重庆城区)的气象因子数据,利用距平累计分析法和Mann-Kendall非参数检验法分析了库区蓄水前后近二十年主要气象因子变化情况。总体上,蓄水对三峡库区局部区域的年均气温和年均相对湿度影响较大,对年降雨量的影响不太明显,但日照时数的变化较为复杂。具体时空变化,(1)气温:蓄水后库区腹地和库尾的升温趋势明显,库首呈显著下降趋势,空间上自西向东呈递减趋势;(2)降雨量:蓄水前后库区降雨量变化趋势均不显著,空间分布呈现中间多,两边少的局势;(3)相对湿度:湖北秭归呈上升趋势,重庆城区与万州呈显著下降趋势,空间变化自西向东呈递减趋势,相对湿度与年降雨量变化存在一定相关性。In order to understand the spatial and temporal changes of the local climate in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area（ TGRA）,the data of main meteorological factors in the head（ Zigui）,hinterland（ Wanzhou） and the tail（ Chongqing City） of TGRA were collected,and the trend of these meteorological factors in the past twenty years before and after impoundment was analyzed by using cumulative anomaly analysis and Mann-Kendall nonparametric test method. As a whole,water impoundment had great influence on the annual average temperature and annual relative humidity in the local TGRA,and obviously less influence on the annual rainfalls,whereas the influence on sunshine hours was complicated. Specific tempo-spatial variations were as follows：（ 1） the temperature showed a significant warming trend after impoundment at the hinterland and tail of TGRA,and a significant downward trend at the head of TGRA,with a downward trend from the west to the east.（ 2） The variation trend of rainfalls in TGRA before and after impoundment was not significant,with a trend of more rainfalls at the hinterland and less at the head and tail region.（ 3） The relative humidity presented an upward trend in Zigui,and a significant downward trend in Chongqing city and Wanzhou,with a decreasing trend from the west to the east,and certain correlations between the relative humidity and rainfall variations were found in the study.

关 键 词：三峡库区 非参数检验 气象因子 时空变化 

分 类 号：X022[环境科学与工程]