H型浮式垂直轴风力机刚—柔耦合多体动力学建模及仿真  

Modeling and simulation of H-type floating VAWT on rigid-flexible coupling and multi-body dynamics

作　　者：刘利琴[1] 赵海祥[1] 袁瑞[1] 黄鑫[1] 李焱[1] LIU Liqin, ZHAO Haixiang, YUAN Rui, HUANG Xin , LI Yan(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072,Chin)

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《海洋工程》2018年第3期1-9,共9页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51579176);上海交通大学海洋工程重点试验室开放基金(1501);天津市自然科学基金(16JCYBJC21200)

摘　　要：采用多体动力学方法研究了H型浮式垂直轴风力机的动力特性。将风力机叶片和塔柱处理为柔性体,浮式基础处理为刚性体,考虑柔性体的非线性变形,由拉格朗日第二类方程建立了浮式风力机系统的非线性刚—柔耦合多体动力学方程。系统载荷包括浮式基础受的波浪力、风机叶片旋转时受到的气动载荷、塔柱受到的风压载荷、系泊力以及系统阻尼力。编制了模拟系统响应的数值计算程序,该程序可以考虑浮式风力机系统的刚—柔耦合和气动力—水动力耦合效应。以5 MW风力机为例,计算了叶片的固有频率;分析转速对叶片固有频率的影响;计算风、浪联合作用下浮式风力机系统的动力响应。结果表明,随着风机转速的增加,叶片切向固有频率增加、法向固有频率减小;在风、浪联合作用下,浮式基础运动以波浪频率为主,气动载荷贡献较小。The dynamic characteristics of the floating vertical axis wind turbine are studied by using the multi-body dynamics method.The blade of wind turbine is of H-type,and the foundation is of truss spar type. The wind turbine blade and tower are considered as flexible bodies,and the floating foundation is considered as a rigid body. Considering the nonlinear effect of the flexible body,the Lagrangian equation is used to establish the dynamics equation of wind turbine system considering the rigid-flexible coupling and multi-body dynamics. The load includes the wave force of the floating foundation,the aerodynamic load of the rotated blades,the wind pressure load of the tower,the mooring force and the damping force of the wind turbine. A numerical calculation program is developed.The program can consider the rigid-flexible coupling and aerodynamic-hydrodynamic coupling effect of the floating wind turbine system.Taking the 5 MW wind turbine as an example,the natural frequency of the blade is calculated,and the influence of the rotated speed on the natural frequency is analyzed. The dynamic responses of the wind turbine system are calculated. The results show that with the increase of the rotational speed,the natural frequency in tangential direction increases,and the natural frequency in normal direction decreases. The dynamic response of the Spar-type floating foundation is dominated by the wave frequency,and the contribution of the aerodynamic load is small in the case of wind and wave.

关 键 词：H型风力机 刚—柔耦合 动力刚化 固有特性 动力响应 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TK81[天文地球—海洋科学]