2010-2016年江阴市居民主要死因及寿命损失分析  

Analysis on the Main Death Causes and Life Span Loss of the Residents in Jiangyinfrom 2010 to 2016

作　　者：汤海波[1] 朱爱萍[1] 刘娟[1] 章剑[1] 洪淇[1] 李莹[1] 王敏洁[1] TANG Hai-bo;ZHU Ai-ping;LIU Juan;ZHANG Jian;HONG Qi;LI Ying;WANG Ming-jie(Jiangyin Municipal Center for Disease Control And Prevention,Jiangsu Wuxi 214431,China)

机构地区：[1]江阴市疾病预防控制中心,江苏无锡214431

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2018年第3期272-275,278,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委2015年度信息化科研项目(X201509)

摘　　要：目的了解江阴市居民死亡的基本情况、分布特征及主要死因对寿命的影响。方法通过粗死亡率、标化死亡率、去死因期望寿命、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)等指标,分析居民主要死因和寿命损失。结果 2010—2016年,江阴市居民粗死亡率为689.70/10万,标化死亡率为452.41/10万,男性高于女性(P值均<0.01),死亡率逐年上升。前5位死因依次为肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒以及内分泌代谢性疾病,不同性别、年龄别的死亡率和死因顺位不尽相同。居民平均期望寿命80.72岁,女性(83.30岁)高于男性(78.26岁),以肿瘤、循环系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病对期望寿命影响最大。寿命损失率前3位的死因为肿瘤、损伤和中毒、循环系统疾病,人均寿命损失年数前2位的为围生期疾病、先天畸形和染色体异常。结论慢性非传染性疾病是影响江阴市居民健康的主要因素,慢性病的预防与控制是今后需重点解决的问题。围生期疾病、先天畸形等是婴幼儿主要死因,故应加强妇幼卫生工作,降低死亡率,提高居民期望寿命。Objective To understand the basic situation,distribution features and the influence on life span of primary causes of death of residents in Jiangyin city from 2010 to 2016.Methods The primary causes of death and loss of life were analyzed through indexes including crude death rate,standardized death rate,cause-eliminated life table,and potential years of life lost（PYLL）.Results From 2010 to 2016,the crude death rate and standardized death rate of Jiangyin city residents were689.70/105 and 452.41/105 respectively.Both indexes for males were higher than those of females（all P 0.01）with increasing death rate each year.The top 5 causes of death were tumor,circulation system diseases,respiratory system diseases,injury and intoxication,endocrinal and metabolic diseases in sequence.For different genders and age groups,the death rate and rank order of causes of death were different.Average resident life expectancy was 80.72 years old and female life expectancy（83.30 years）was higher than that of male（78.26 years）.Among all causes of death,tumor,circulation system diseases and respiratory system diseases had the greatest impact on life expectancy.The 3 leading causes of life loss were tumor,injury and intoxication,circulation system diseases.The 2 leading causes for average life span loss were perinatal diseases,congenital malformation and chromosome abnormality.Conclusion Chronic non-infectious diseases are the major factors influencing the health of Jiangyin city residents.The prevention and control over chronic diseases are key problems requiring urgent solution.Perinatal diseases and congenital malformations are primary causes of early death.Therefore,maternal and child health care should be strengthened to reduce death rate and to increase resident life expectancy.

关 键 词：死因监测 死亡率 去死因期望寿命 潜在减寿年数 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]