纳米沸石不同施用方式对油麦菜及土壤Cd含量的影响  

Effect of Different Application Methods of Nano Zeolite on Lactuca sativa L. Cd Content and Soil Cd Content

作　　者：贺章咪 李欣忱 徐卫红[1] 熊仕娟 迟荪琳 冯德玉 赵婉伊[1] HE Zhang-mi,LI Xin-chen,XU Wei-hong,XIONG Shi-juan,CHI Sun-lin,FENG De-yu,ZHAO Wan-yi(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,Chin)

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2018年第6期48-53,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23);国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B10);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201610635028)

摘　　要：采用大田试验方法,研究纳米沸石500 kg·(667 m^2)^(-1)和普通沸石1 000 kg·(667 m^2)^(-1)不同施用方式(撒施、沟施和穴施)对油麦菜产量、品质、Cd含量和土壤p H、CEC、全Cd含量、有效Cd含量的影响。结果表明:纳米沸石和普通沸石各处理均显著提高了油麦菜产量,分别比对照增产131.5%~227.3%和61.4%~196.0%,且均以撒施处理产量最高;整体上提高了植株VC、氨基酸、还原糖含量,显著降低了硝酸盐含量,其中沟施处理对提高油麦菜品质的效果最好;植株地上部Cd含量分别降低了11.3%~28.8%和2.5%~16.7%,根部Cd含量分别降低了0.7%~26.8%和9.9%~21.3%。与对照相比,纳米沸石和普通沸石各处理分别使土壤有效Cd含量降低了4.8%~19.0%和9.5%~19.0%,纳米沸石以穴施处理效果最佳,普通沸石以沟施处理效果最佳。与普通沸石处理相比,纳米沸石处理增加油麦菜产量、降低硝酸盐含量及地上部Cd含量的效果更好。Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of nano zeolite（7 500 kg·hm-2）and ordinary zeolite（15 000 kg·hm-2）by different application methods（broadcasting,furrowing,holing）on yield,quality and Cd content of Lactuca sativa L.and p H,CEC,total Cd and available Cd contents in soil.The results showed that the treatments of nano zeolite and ordinary zeolite all could significantly increase the yield of Lactuca sativa L.131.5%-227.3%and 61.4%-196.0%higher than that of the CK,respectively.The highest yields was reached by broadcasting treatment.The plant contents of VC,amino acid and reducing sugar were increased and nitrate content was reduced.Furrowing treatment achieved the best effect in improving the quality of Lactuca sativa L.The Cd contents of plant above ground part were decreased by 11.3%-28.8%and 2.5%-16.7%,and the Cd contents in root system were reduced by 0.7%-26.8%and 9.9%-21.3%,respectively.Compared with the control,treatments of nano zeolite and ordinary zeolite reduced the soil available Cd content by 4.8%-19.0%and 9.5%-19.0%,respectively.Holing treatment of nano zeolite had the best effect in reducing Cd content in soil.While,furrowing treatment of ordinary zeolite had the best effect.Compared with the ordinary zeolite,nano zeolite treatment had a better effect in increasing yield of Lactuca sativa L.,decreasing nitrate content and Cd contents of plant above ground part.

关 键 词：土壤CD污染 纳米沸石 土壤有效Cd含量 CD吸收 油麦菜 

分 类 号：S636.9[农业科学—蔬菜学] X503.231[农业科学—园艺学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]