新型环保轮轨润滑脂研发的关键技术  

Key Technologies in Development of New Environment Friendly Wheel/Rail Lubricating Grease

作　　者：李英姿[1] LI Yingzi(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences, Beijing 100081, China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2018年第3期138-144,共7页China Railway Science

基　　金：铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2011J011-C);中国铁道科学研究院金属及化学研究所基金资助项目(1352JH0203)

摘　　要：研制的新型环保轮轨润滑脂以植物油、酯类油、PAO复配的半合成油为基础油,以高级脂肪酸锂皂作为稠化剂,按照确定的优化配方加入抗氧剂、极压抗磨剂、防锈剂、防腐剂等添加剂,以及抗磨性能优良的非石墨固体润滑剂,采用特殊的成脂工艺制成。室内理化性能、可生物降解性和毒性、低温模拟试验等综合评定结果表明,研制脂的抗磨性能、防锈抗腐蚀性能、低温性能优良,可生物降解性良好,无(或低)毒,无重金属、卤族等有害元素,易泵送、喷涂,综合性能达到国际同类脂水平。经过1年在机车上的现场运用试验,研制脂有效减小了机车轮缘的磨耗,满足了轮缘润滑的需要,可适用于-30℃以上温度范围的轮轨润滑。With the semi-synthetic oil made of proper proportion of plant oil,ester oil and PAO（PolyAlpha-Olefin）oil as the base oil,with lithium fatty acid soap as the thickener,the new type of environment friendly wheel/rail lubricating grease has been developed according to the special fabrication technology and optimized formula containing non-graphite solid lubricant with excellent wear resistance and such additives as antioxidants,extreme pressure anti-wear agents,rust inhibitors and preservative,etc.Through the research and comprehensive evaluation of laboratory physico-chemical properties,biodegradability,toxicity and simulation tests in low temperature,it showed that the developed grease with no harmful elements as heavy metals and halogen possessed non/low toxicity,excellent anti-wear,antirust and anticorrosive properties,good low temperature performance and biodegradability,easy pumping and spraying,and its comprehensive performance reached the international level of the same kind of greases.After the field tests on locomotives for one year,the developed grease has effectively reduced the wear of locomotive flange,and has met the needs of flange lubrication,It can be applied to wheel and rail lubrication in the temperature range above-30 ℃.

关 键 词：轮轨润滑脂 环保脂 基础油 添加剂 理化性能 可生物降解性 毒性 

分 类 号：U441.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]