大型加氢空冷器翅片管束的泄漏检测与定位  

Leakage detection and location technique for the air cooler fin tube of large hydrogenation

作　　者：张建新 管庆超 赫海洋 金浩哲 偶国富 Zhang Jianxin;Guan Qingchao;Hao Haiyang;Jin Haozhe;Ou Guofu(The Flow Induced Corrosion Institution, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学流动腐蚀研究所

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2018年第2期185-192,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1361107);国家重点研发计划(2017YFF0210403);浙江省自然科学基金(LY17E060008)项目资助

摘　　要：针对在役高压加氢空冷器翅片管束的特点,提出了基于超声波原理和无线传感器网络技术的泄漏检测与定位方法,实现了对翅片管束泄漏的实时监测与定位。研究了管束外包翅片对检测精度的影响以及检测距离与信号强度之间的关系,在实验研究的基础上通过理论分析确定了超声波最佳检测距离。基于布尔感知模型,实现了对大型空冷器泄漏检测区域的全面覆盖。采用ARM处理器开发了传感器节点,开发了基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的泄漏信号处理算法,提升了泄漏检测精度和速度。提出了基于声强的初步定位、到达时间差（TDOA）距离检测算法以及基于几何关系的精确定位3种定位算法,实现了基于初步定位和精确定位相结合的泄漏位置确定。进行了噪声干扰下的泄漏检测与定位实验,实验结果表明对泄漏点定位的误差可以控制在5 cm之内,系统降噪能力强。For the characteristics of finned tube with high pressure hydrogenation air cooler,a leakage detection and position method based on ultrasonic detection principle and wireless sensor networks is proposed. The real-time monitoring of finned tube and the location of the leakage can be realized. The influence of fin on the detection accuracy and the relationship between detection distance and detection signal intensity are studied. Based on the experimental study,the optimal detection distance of the ultrasonic wave is determined by theoretical analysis. By utilizing the Boolean sensing model,the detected scope can be extended to cover all region of the high pressure hydrogenation air cooler. The sensor node is developed by using ARM processor,and a signal processing algorithm based on FFT is studied to deal with the leakage signals to improve the accuracy and speed of leakage detection. Three algorithms are proposed to determine the leakage location,which are the initial positioning method based on the sound intensity,the TDOA distance detection algorithm and the precise geometric relation method. The location of leakage is determined by a combination method of initial and precise positioning. Experiments of leakage detection and location with noise interference are carried out. The results show that the positioning error of detection can be controlled within 5 cm and the noise can be restrained at some degree.

关 键 词：泄漏检测 超声波 无线传感器网络 定位 实验验证 

分 类 号：TH865[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TB553[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]