小尺寸轴类零件快速测量机的设计  

Design of rapid measurement machine for small size shaft parts

作　　者：石照耀[1] 董定雨 叶勇[1] 张临涛 付瑛[1] 陈洪芳[1] 柯子健 Shi Zhaoyao;Dong Dingyu;Ye Yong;Zhang Lintao;Fu Ying;Chen Hongfang;Ke Zijian(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China;Ametek Trading （Shanghai） Co. Ltd , Shanghai 200131, China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市精密测控技术与仪器工程技术研究中心,北京100124 [2]阿美特克商贸(上海)有限公司,上海200131

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2018年第4期10-17,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

摘　　要：针对人工测量小尺寸轴类零件效率低、误差大、成本高,以及难以实现大批量检测等问题,研制了一台小尺寸轴类零件快速测量机。该测量机采用卧式结构,主要由机械系统和测控系统组成。在分析研究现有尺寸测量技术的基础上,提出运用气动量仪和光栅的测量方法,设计了转盘组件、内径测量组件和长度测量组件等关键机械结构;建立了以PLC为核心的数据采集、数据分析和运动控制系统;开发了人机界面测量软件,实现了小尺寸轴类零件的内径和长度在线快速测量,并将其测量结果自动分选为合格品、返修品和不合格品。实际试验结果表明,该测量机运行稳定,精度符合设计要求,重复性≤0.005 mm,测量节拍在7 s以内,分选功能准确,能实现全自动化精密测量。Manual measurement of small sized shaft parts results in the problems of low efficiency,large error,and high cost. In addition,it is difficult to achieve large batch detection. To deal these problems,a rapid measuring machine for small size shaft parts is developed in this study. The machine adopts horizontal structure,which is mainly composed of mechanical system,measurement and control system. Based on the analysis of the existing researches on the measurement technology,the measurement method based on pneumatic gauges and gratings is proposed. Turntables component,inner diameter measurement component,length measurement component and other mechanical structure are designed. The data acquisition,data analysis and motion control system for PLC core are established. The human-machine interface measurement software is developed. The on-line fast measurement of inner diameter and length of the small size shaft parts are realized. In further,the measurement results are automatically divided into qualified,reprocessed and unqualified categories. Practical test results show that the measuring machine runs stably. The precision conforms with design requirements as follows. Repeatability is less than or equal to 0. 005 mm. Measurement beat is within 7 seconds. The sorting function is accurate. The developed machine can achieve automate precision measurement.

关 键 词：轴类零件 测量机 PLC 内径 长度 自动分选 

分 类 号：TH71[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]