新疆地区不同规模牛场、年龄对荷斯坦牛体尺体重的影响  

Effects of Scale Cattle Farm and Age Factors on Body Size and Body Weight Traits in Xinjiang Holstein Cows

作　　者：张培大 魏趁[2] 热西提·阿不都热依木 张梦华[2] 王丹[2] 黄锡霞[2] 吾勒江·亚得古 ZHANG Pei-da;WEI Chen;Rexiti·Abudureyimu;ZHANG Meng-hua;WANG Dan;HUANG Xi-xia;Wulejiang·Yadegu(The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Animal Health Inspection Institute, Urumqi 830063;College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区动物卫生监督所,乌鲁木齐830063 [2]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2018年第6期22-25,共4页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD12B09);新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目(项目编号:201230116-7);现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系建设专项资金资助.(CARS-37)

摘　　要：本研究以新疆地区不同规模牛场荷斯坦牛2012~2013年的体尺体重记录为研究材料,以4个生长性状(体高、体斜长、胸围、体重)为研究对象,采用SAS8.1软件GLM过程分析不同规模牛场和年龄对各性状的影响。结果表明:不同牛场对荷斯坦牛体高、体斜长、胸围有极显著影响(P<0.01),对体重没有显著影响(P>0.05);不同年龄对荷斯坦牛体高、胸围有极显著影响(P<0.01),对体重有显著影响(P<0.05),对体斜长没有显著影响(P>0.05);荷斯坦牛的体高、胸围和体重随着年龄的增加呈上升趋势,尤其是在3~5岁增长较快。通过分析不同规模牛场和年龄对荷斯坦牛体尺体重的影响,旨在促使牛场合理加强不同年龄阶段荷斯坦牛的饲养管理水平,从而维持适当的体尺体重,提高奶牛生产性能。This study was conducted on body size and body weight records from 2012 to 2013 in Xinjiang Holstein cows, totally 4 growth traits （body height, body length, chest girth, mature cow weight） were considered for genetic evaluation. SAS8.1 software GLM process was used to analyze the effects of scale cattle farm and age factors for each trait. The results showed that different scale cattle farms had a significant effect on body height, body length and chest girth in Holstein cows （P〉0.05）, had no significant effect on mature cow weight （P〉0.05）,while, different age had a significant effect on body height, chest girth （P〈0.01）, had a significant effect on mature cow weight （P〈0.05）, had no significant effect on body length （P〉0.05）. Holstein cows of body height, chest girth and body weight were increased with age increased, especially in the 3-5 years of rapid growth. By analyzing effects of scale cattle farms and age factors on body size and body weight traits in Xinjiang Holstein cows, the farms could be reasonably strengthening raising management level on different age stages of Holstein cows, Holstein cows has good variety characteristics, so as to maintain the proper body size and weight, in order to effectively improve the performance of cows.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 规模牛场 年龄 体尺 体重 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]