住院患儿医院感染现患率与相关因素分析  

Prevalence rate and risk factors analysis of nosocomial infection in pediatric inpatients

作　　者：程兴东[1] 陈雪梅[2] 李同欢[2] 代红燕[3] 张啟鹏 CHENG Xing-dong;CHEN Xue-mei;LI Tong-huan;DAI Hong-yan;ZHANG Qi-peng(Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi , Guizhou 563003, Chin)

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院康复二科,贵州遵义563003 [2]遵义医学院附属医院儿科,贵州遵义563003 [3]遵义医学院附属医院医院感染管理科,贵州遵义563003

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2018年第12期1888-1891,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：贵州省科技厅联合计划基金资助项目(黔科合LH字2015-7447号)

摘　　要：目的调查住院患儿医院感染现患率,分析患儿发生医院感染的相关因素,为预防与控制住院患儿发生医院感染提供参考。方法调查2014年1月-2017年5月于医院儿科住院的全部患儿27 386例的临床资料,分析医院感染发生率、感染部位、病原菌分布及医院感染的相关因素。结果发生医院感染192人,医院感染发生率为0.70%;以呼吸道感染为主;共检出病原菌192株,其中革兰阴性菌119株占61.98%,以大肠埃希菌和鲍氏不动杆菌及阴沟肠杆菌为主;革兰阳性菌51株占26.56%,以乙型溶血性链球菌为主;真菌19株占9.90%,以酵母样真菌为主。白细胞计数(WBC)、化疗、使用激素、使用广谱抗菌药物、呼吸机是住院患儿医院感染的相关因素(P<0.05)。结论住院患儿医院感染现患率调查能及时准确地掌握患儿医院感染的特点,根据患儿医院感染的特点及相关因素制定有针对性的医院感染防控措施,以有效控制儿科医院感染。OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection of pediatric inpatients,and analyze the risk factors of nosocomial infection,so as to provide references for the prevention and control of nosocomial infection.METHODS The clinical data of 27386 cases of children hospitalized in our hospital from Jan.2014 to May 2017 were investigated.The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection,the location of the infection sites,the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the risk factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed.RESULTS Totally192 cases were with nosocomial infection,and the incidence of nosocomial infection was 0.70%.The location of nosocomial infection was mainly lower respiratory tract.A total of 192 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,including 119 strains of gram-negative bacteria accounting for 61.98%,mainly Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter cloacae,51 strains of gram-positive bacteria accounting for 26.56%,mainly beta Hemolytic streptococcus,and 19 strains of fungi accounting for 9.90%,mainly yeast-like fungi.WBC count,chemotherapy,hormone,broad-spectrum antibiotics,and ventilator were risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized children（P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION Nosocomial infection prevalence survey of hospitalized children can timely and accurately grasp the characteristics of nosocomial infection in children.We should develop targeted prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection according to the characteristics and related factors of nosocomial infection,to effectively control pediatric nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：儿科 医院感染 相关因素 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]